Egan C E, Sukhumavasi W, Butcher B A, Denkers E Y
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Clin Exp Immunol. 2009 Apr;156(1):17-24. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2009.03876.x. Epub 2009 Jan 21.
Toll-like receptor (TLR)/MyD88 signalling has emerged as a major pathway of pathogen recognition in the innate immune system. Here, we review recent data that begin to show how this pathway controls the immune response to protozoan infection, with particular emphasis on the opportunistic pathogen Toxoplasma gondii. The various ways that the parasite activates and suppresses TLR/MyD88 signalling defines several key principals that illuminate the complexities of the host-pathogen interaction. We also speculate how TLR/MyD88 signalling might be exploited to provide protection against Toxoplasma, as well as other protozoa and infection in general.
Toll样受体(TLR)/髓样分化因子88(MyD88)信号通路已成为天然免疫系统中病原体识别的主要途径。在此,我们综述了近期的数据,这些数据开始揭示该信号通路如何控制对原生动物感染的免疫反应,尤其着重于机会性致病原弓形虫。寄生虫激活和抑制TLR/MyD88信号通路的各种方式定义了几个关键原则,这些原则阐明了宿主-病原体相互作用的复杂性。我们还推测了如何利用TLR/MyD88信号通路来提供针对弓形虫以及其他原生动物和一般感染的保护。