Fei Chunyuan, McLaughlin Joseph K, Lipworth Loren, Olsen Jørn
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California - Los Angeles, PO Box 951772, 71-254 CHS, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1772, USA.
Hum Reprod. 2009 May;24(5):1200-5. doi: 10.1093/humrep/den490. Epub 2009 Jan 28.
Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are ubiquitous man-made compounds that are possible hormonal disruptors. We examined whether exposure to these compounds may decrease fecundity in humans.
Plasma levels of PFOS and PFOA were measured at weeks 4-14 of pregnancy among 1240 women from the Danish National Birth Cohort recruited from 1996 to 2002. For this pregnancy, women reported time to pregnancy (TTP) in five categories (<1, 1-2, 3-5, 6-12 and >12 months). Infertility was defined as having a TTP of >12 months or received infertility treatment to establish this pregnancy.
Longer TTP was associated with higher maternal levels of PFOA and PFOS (P < 0.001). Compared with women in the lowest exposure quartile, the adjusted odds of infertility increased by 70-134 and 60-154% among women in the higher three quartiles of PFOS and PFOA, respectively. Fecundity odds ratios (FORs) were also estimated using Cox discrete-time models. The adjusted FORs were virtually identical for women in the three highest exposure groups of PFOS (FOR = 0.70, 0.67 and 0.74, respectively) compared with the lowest quartile. A linear-like trend was observed for PFOA (FOR = 0.72, 0.73 and 0.60 for three highest quartiles versus lowest quartile). When all quartiles were included in a likelihood ratio test, the trends were significant for PFOS and PFOA (P = 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively).
These findings suggest that PFOA and PFOS exposure at plasma levels seen in the general population may reduce fecundity; such exposure levels are common in developed countries.
全氟辛酸（PFOA）和全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）是普遍存在的人造化合物，可能是激素干扰物。我们研究了接触这些化合物是否会降低人类的生育能力。
对1996年至2002年从丹麦国家出生队列招募的1240名女性在怀孕第4至14周时的血浆PFOS和PFOA水平进行了测量。对于本次怀孕，女性报告了怀孕时间（TTP）的五个类别（<1、1 - 2、3 - 5、6 - 12和>12个月）。不孕症定义为TTP>12个月或接受不孕症治疗以实现本次怀孕。
较长的TTP与孕妇较高的PFOA和PFOS水平相关（P < 0.001）。与暴露水平最低的四分位数组中的女性相比，PFOS和PFOA较高的三个四分位数组中的女性不孕的调整后比值分别增加了70 - 134%和60 - 154%。还使用Cox离散时间模型估计了生育能力比值比（FORs）。与最低四分位数组相比，PFOS最高的三个暴露组中的女性调整后的FORs实际上相同（分别为FOR = 0.70、0.67和0.74）。观察到PFOA呈类似线性趋势（最高的三个四分位数组与最低四分位数组相比，FOR分别为0.72、0.73和0.60）。当所有四分位数都纳入似然比检验时，PFOS和PFOA的趋势具有显著性（分别为P = 0.002和P < 0.001）。
这些发现表明，在一般人群中观察到的血浆水平的PFOA和PFOS暴露可能会降低生育能力；这种暴露水平在发达国家很常见。
