Osol George, Mandala Maurizio
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
Physiology (Bethesda). 2009 Feb;24:58-71. doi: 10.1152/physiol.00033.2008.
Sufficient uteroplacental blood flow is essential for normal pregnancy outcome and is accomplished by the coordinated growth and remodeling of the entire uterine circulation, as well as the creation of a new fetal vascular organ: the placenta. The process of remodeling involves a number of cellular processes, including hyperplasia and hypertrophy, rearrangement of existing elements, and changes in extracellular matrix. In this review, we provide information on uterine blood flow increases during pregnancy, the influence of placentation type on the distribution of uterine vascular resistance, consideration of the patterns, nature, and extent of maternal uterine vascular remodeling during pregnancy, and what is known about the underlying cellular mechanisms.
充足的子宫胎盘血流对正常妊娠结局至关重要,它通过整个子宫循环的协调生长和重塑以及一个新的胎儿血管器官——胎盘的形成来实现。重塑过程涉及许多细胞过程,包括细胞增生和肥大、现有成分的重新排列以及细胞外基质的变化。在本综述中,我们提供了关于孕期子宫血流增加、胎盘植入类型对子宫血管阻力分布的影响、孕期母体子宫血管重塑的模式、性质和程度的相关信息,以及关于潜在细胞机制的已知情况。