Sani M U, Karaye K M, Ibrahim D A
Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, P.M.B. 3452, Kano, Nigeria.
Afr J Med Med Sci. 2007 Jun;36(2):141-7.
Cardiovascular diseases constitute a major public health problem both in the developed and developing countries. The profile of morbidity and mortality however, varies between regions and countries and even within countries. The importance of recognizing the cardiovascular conditions that prevail in a particular area is very important in health planning and for improving healthcare services. We therefore set out to describe the cardiac morbidity pattern from our echocardiographic data. Between August 2002 and September 2004 (24 months), we reviewed the echocardiographic diagnosis of all patients aged 15 years referred for echocardiography. Information obtained from the records included age, gender, names of referring hospital/physician, clinical diagnosis and echocardiogram findings. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 10.0 software. A total of 594 persons were referred for echocardiographic examination in the 2 year study period. Of these, 489 (82.3%) had an abnormal echocardiogram. We analyzed those with abnormal echocardiograms. There were 272 males and 217 females. The male to female ratio was 1.3:1. Hypertensive heart disease was the commonest echocardiographic diagnosis, present in 228 (46.6%) of the patients. This is followed by dilated cardiomyopathy seen in 82 (16.8%) and then rheumatic heart disease in 55 (11.2%). Other findings were Non dilated cardiomyopathy (6.1%), Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (5.7%), pericardial diseases (3.7%), Ischemic heart disease (4.7%), Cor pulmonale (1.4%) and Endomyocardial fibrosis (0.4%) of patients. It was noted that majority of the cases were advanced with irreversible myocardial damage. Systemic hypertension remains the most important cause of CVD morbidity in savanna region of Nigeria. Addressing the major cardiovascular risk factors especially systemic hypertension will go a long way in reducing the burden of cardiovascular diseases.
心血管疾病在发达国家和发展中国家都是一个主要的公共卫生问题。然而，发病率和死亡率的情况在不同地区、国家甚至一个国家内部都有所不同。认识到特定地区普遍存在的心血管疾病状况，对于卫生规划和改善医疗服务非常重要。因此，我们着手根据我们的超声心动图数据描述心脏发病模式。在2002年8月至2004年9月（24个月）期间，我们回顾了所有15岁及以上接受超声心动图检查患者的超声心动图诊断。从记录中获得的信息包括年龄、性别、转诊医院/医生的姓名、临床诊断和超声心动图检查结果。使用SPSS 10.0版软件进行数据分析。在为期2年的研究期间，共有594人接受了超声心动图检查。其中，489人（82.3%）的超声心动图检查结果异常。我们对那些超声心动图检查结果异常的患者进行了分析。其中男性272人，女性217人。男女比例为1.3:1。高血压性心脏病是最常见的超声心动图诊断，在228名（46.6%）患者中出现。其次是扩张型心肌病，有82名（16.8%）患者，然后是风湿性心脏病，有55名（11.2%）患者。其他检查结果包括非扩张型心肌病（6.1%）、肥厚型心肌病（5.7%）、心包疾病（3.7%）、缺血性心脏病（4.7%）、肺心病（1.4%）和心内膜纤维化（0.4%）。值得注意的是，大多数病例病情已发展到晚期，心肌损伤不可逆转。系统性高血压仍然是尼日利亚热带草原地区心血管疾病发病的最重要原因。解决主要的心血管危险因素，尤其是系统性高血压，对于减轻心血管疾病负担将大有帮助。
