Rare variants of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection to coronary sinus-echocardiographic recognition and surgical correction.

Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) to the coronary sinus is a well-known entity but variations in connection sites are known to occur, the commonest among them is mixed connection. Here we describe two rare variants of TAPVC to coronary sinus. Group I (3 cases) in which there were dual sites of connection and group II (2 cases), TAPVC to coronary sinus was associated with a persistent left superior vena cava (LSVC). This was seen in total number of 45 cases of isolated TAPVC and 8 cases of TAPVC to coronary sinus between 2000 and December 2005 in our institute. All patients underwent surgical correction. In both of these groups, surgical correction may pose a challenge, which is discussed.