Why treat the male in the era of assisted reproduction?

The concept of unilateral care of the female partner has gained momentum in the reproductive health community, especially with the advent of in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Herein, the authors examine the existing evidence in support of evaluating and treating the male patient as part of the routine evaluation of the infertile couple. This evidence includes assessments of efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and safety, and-- when considered broadly--argues strongly against unilateral care.