Hallman Guy J, Hellmich Richard L
USDA-ARS, 2413 E. Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2009 Feb;102(1):64-8. doi: 10.1603/029.102.0110.
The European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is a quarantine pest for several fresh commodities, including corn-on-the-cob, bell peppers, and green beans. Methyl bromide fumigation is the usual phytosanitary treatment, but the fumigant is under increasing regulation as a stratospheric ozone-depleting substance. Ionizing radiation is a relatively new commercial alternative that is currently used in several countries. The present research explored radiation doses that would provide quarantine security for commodities at risk of being infested by O. nubilalis. Radiotolerance of late pupae (the most tolerant stage infesting commodities) as determined by hatch of F1 eggs was not affected by host (meridic diet versus ear corn) or temperature (1 versus 13 degrees C) but was positively affected by low oxygen. Longevity was shorter for adults of irradiated than nonirradiated pupae. The minimum absorbed dose for phytosanitary irradiation against O. nubilalis could vary from 233 Gy for prevention of F1 pupation to 343 Gy for prevention of F1 egg hatch. Lower doses might be possible if greater risk of treatment failure was acceptable.
欧洲玉米螟，即欧洲玉米螟（Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner)）（鳞翅目：草螟科），是包括玉米棒、甜椒和四季豆在内的几种新鲜农产品的检疫性害虫。溴甲烷熏蒸是常用的植物检疫处理方法，但该熏蒸剂作为一种平流层臭氧消耗物质，受到的监管日益严格。电离辐射是一种相对较新的商业替代方法，目前在多个国家使用。本研究探索了能为有被欧洲玉米螟侵染风险的农产品提供检疫安全保障的辐射剂量。通过F1代卵孵化确定的晚期蛹（侵染农产品的最耐受阶段）的辐射耐受性不受宿主（人工饲料与玉米穗）或温度（1摄氏度与13摄氏度）影响，但受低氧的正向影响。辐照蛹羽化出的成虫寿命比未辐照蛹羽化出的成虫短。针对欧洲玉米螟进行植物检疫辐照的最低吸收剂量可能因情况而异，从预防F1代化蛹的233戈瑞到预防F1代卵孵化的343戈瑞不等。如果可以接受更高的处理失败风险，可能需要更低的剂量。
