Iperepolu O H, Entonu P E, Agwale S M
Innovative Biotech Limited, 1, Abdu Abubakar Street, GRA, P.O. Box, 30, Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria.
West Afr J Med. 2008 Jul;27(3):127-33.
Typhoid fever is still a common infection in many parts of the world, especially in developing countries where sanitation and water supply are a common problem. A recent study placed the disease burden at 21650 974 illnesses and 216510 deaths during 2000. The infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Nigeria.
This review set out to present in one concise volume a review of the major findings from published articles on the burden and impact of typhoid fever in Nigeria to aid easy reference for researchers. It highlights the disease burden, the different diagnostic methods and their sensitivities, complications, treatment methods as well as the various preventive measures including the use of typhoid vaccine in the control of the disease.
Several published articles covering a period of 40 years were accessed different journals and reviewed, and their major findings presented in this review.
The disease burden from typhoid fever in Nigeria is still high with associated serious complications, which in most cases have been managed effectively with the use of potent antibiotics and surgical intervention. However, the typhoid problem has been compounded by the emergence and circulation of multi-drug resistant strains of the organism being sensitive only to the newer generation antibiotics.
Typhoid fever remains a major public health problem in Nigeria. The infection however can be prevented by good sanitation, improving good water supply, the provision of proper sewage disposal system, as well as the effective use of the available typhoid vaccines. The government and people of Nigeria should rise up to the challenge of stamping out this ugly trend.
伤寒热在世界许多地区仍是一种常见感染，尤其是在卫生设施和供水存在普遍问题的发展中国家。最近一项研究表明，2000年期间伤寒热的疾病负担为21650974例发病和216510例死亡。该感染是尼日利亚发病和死亡的主要原因。
本综述旨在以一卷简明的篇幅，对已发表文章中关于尼日利亚伤寒热负担和影响的主要研究结果进行综述，以方便研究人员查阅。它重点介绍了疾病负担、不同的诊断方法及其敏感性、并发症、治疗方法以及包括使用伤寒疫苗在内的各种预防措施，以控制该疾病。
查阅了不同期刊上发表的涵盖40年时间的几篇文章并进行综述，并在本综述中呈现了它们的主要研究结果。
尼日利亚伤寒热的疾病负担仍然很高，伴有严重并发症，在大多数情况下，通过使用强效抗生素和手术干预已得到有效控制。然而，由于该病原体多重耐药菌株的出现和传播，仅对新一代抗生素敏感，伤寒问题变得更加复杂。
伤寒热在尼日利亚仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题。然而，通过良好的卫生设施、改善优质供水、提供适当的污水处理系统以及有效使用现有的伤寒疫苗，可以预防这种感染。尼日利亚政府和人民应奋起应对消除这一不良趋势的挑战。
