Buricchi Francesca, Giannoni Elisa, Grimaldi Giovanna, Parri Matteo, Raugei Giovanni, Ramponi Giampietro, Chiarugi Paola
Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Cell Adh Migr. 2007 Jan-Mar;1(1):33-42. Epub 2007 Jan 29.
Interactions linking the Eph receptor tyrosine kinase and ephrin ligands transduce short-range repulsive signals regulating several motile biological processes including axon path-finding, angiogenesis and tumor growth. These ephrin-induced effects are believed to be mediated by alterations in actin dynamics and cytoskeleton reorganization. The members of the small Rho GTPase family elicit various effects on actin structures and are probably involved in Eph receptor-induced actin modulation. In particular, some ephrin ligands lead to a decrease in integrin-mediated cell adhesion and spread. Here we show that the ability of ephrinA1 to inhibit cell adhesion and spreading in prostatic carcinoma cells is strictly dependent on the decrease in the activity of the small GTPase Rac1. Given the recognized role of Rac-driven redox signaling for integrin function, reported to play an essential role in focal adhesion formation and in the overall organization of actin cytoskeleton, we investigated the possible involvement of oxidants in ephrinA1/EphA2 signaling. We now provide evidence that Reactive Oxygen Species are an integration point of the ephrinA1/integrin interplay. We identify redox circuitry in which the ephrinA1-mediated inhibition of Rac1 leads to a negative regulation of integrin redox signaling affecting the activity of the tyrosine phosphatase LMW-PTP. The enzyme in turn actively dephosphorylates its substrate p190RhoGAP, finally leading to RhoA activation. Altogether our data suggest a redox-based Rac-dependent upregulation of Rho activity, concurring with the inhibitory effect elicited by ephrinA1 on integrin-mediated adhesion strength.
连接Eph受体酪氨酸激酶和ephrin配体的相互作用传导短程排斥信号,调节包括轴突导向、血管生成和肿瘤生长在内的多种运动性生物学过程。这些ephrin诱导的效应被认为是由肌动蛋白动力学改变和细胞骨架重组介导的。小Rho GTPase家族成员对肌动蛋白结构产生各种影响,可能参与Eph受体诱导的肌动蛋白调节。特别是,一些ephrin配体导致整合素介导的细胞粘附和铺展减少。在这里,我们表明ephrinA1抑制前列腺癌细胞粘附和铺展的能力严格依赖于小GTPase Rac1活性的降低。鉴于Rac驱动的氧化还原信号对整合素功能的公认作用,据报道其在粘着斑形成和肌动蛋白细胞骨架的整体组织中起重要作用,我们研究了氧化剂在ephrinA1/EphA2信号传导中的可能参与情况。我们现在提供证据表明活性氧是ephrinA1/整合素相互作用的一个整合点。我们确定了一个氧化还原信号通路,其中ephrinA1介导的Rac1抑制导致整合素氧化还原信号的负调节,影响酪氨酸磷酸酶LMW-PTP的活性。该酶进而积极地使其底物p190RhoGAP去磷酸化,最终导致RhoA激活。我们的数据总体上表明基于氧化还原的Rac依赖性Rho活性上调,这与ephrinA1对整合素介导的粘附强度的抑制作用一致。