视动性眼球震颤、视觉增强的前庭眼反射和平滑跟踪眼球运动期间的色觉对比敏感度。
Chromatic contrast sensitivity during optokinetic nystagmus, visually enhanced vestibulo-ocular reflex, and smooth pursuit eye movements.
作者信息
Schütz Alexander C, Braun Doris I, Gegenfurtner Karl R
机构信息
Abteilung Allgemeine Psychologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Otto-Behaghel-Str. 10F, 35394 Giessen, Germany.
出版信息
J Neurophysiol. 2009 May;101(5):2317-27. doi: 10.1152/jn.91248.2008. Epub 2009 Mar 11.
Recently we showed that sensitivity for chromatic- and high-spatial frequency luminance stimuli is enhanced during smooth-pursuit eye movements (SPEMs). Here we investigated whether this enhancement is a general property of slow eye movements. Besides SPEM there are two other classes of eye movements that operate in a similar range of eye velocities: the optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) is a reflexive pattern of alternating fast and slow eye movements elicited by wide-field visual motion and the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) stabilizes the gaze during head movements. In a natural environment all three classes of eye movements act synergistically to allow clear central vision during self- and object motion. To test whether the same improvement of chromatic sensitivity occurs during all of these eye movements, we measured human detection performance of chromatic and luminance line stimuli during OKN and contrast sensitivity during VOR and SPEM at comparable velocities. For comparison, performance in the same tasks was tested during fixation. During the slow phase of OKN we found a similar enhancement of chromatic detection rate like that during SPEM, whereas no enhancement was observable during VOR. This result indicates similarities between slow-phase OKN and SPEM, which are distinct from VOR.
最近我们发现,在平稳跟踪眼球运动(SPEMs)过程中,对彩色和高空间频率亮度刺激的敏感度会增强。在此,我们研究了这种增强是否是慢速眼球运动的普遍特性。除了SPEM之外,还有另外两类眼球运动,其眼速范围与之相似:视动性眼球震颤(OKN)是由宽视野视觉运动引发的一种快速和慢速眼球运动交替的反射模式,而前庭眼反射(VOR)在头部运动期间稳定注视。在自然环境中,这三类眼球运动协同作用,以便在自身运动和物体运动期间实现清晰的中央视觉。为了测试在所有这些眼球运动过程中是否会出现相同的颜色敏感度改善情况,我们在OKN期间测量了彩色和亮度线条刺激的人类检测性能,并在VOR和SPEM期间以可比速度测量了对比敏感度。作为比较,在注视期间测试了相同任务中的性能。在OKN的慢速阶段,我们发现彩色检测率的增强与SPEM期间相似,而在VOR期间未观察到增强。这一结果表明,慢速阶段的OKN和SPEM之间存在相似性,它们与VOR不同。