Underwood T, Jaffee B A, Verdegaal P, Norton M V, Asai W K, Muldoon A E, McKenry M V, Ferris H
J Nematol. 1994 Dec;26(4 Suppl):606-11.
In a peach orchard with an initial soil pH of 4.9, preplant application of 0, 13.2, 18.2, 27.3, or 54.2 kg lime/tree site altered soil pH (range after 1 year = 4.8-7.3) but did not affect numbers of Criconemella xenoplax or tree circumference. Liming also failed to reduce the incidence of bacterial canker, which affected 17% of the trees by the sixth year after planting. Four years after planting, numbers of C. xenoplax exceeded 400/100 cm(3) soil, regardless of treatment. Trees with higher densities of C. xenoplax had a higher incidence of canker. The nematophagous fungus Hirsutella rhossiliensis was not detected until the fourth year. Thereafter, the incidence of H. rhossiliensis and percentage C. xenoplax parasitized by H. rhossiliensis increased, but the increases lagged behind increases in numbers of nematodes. In an almond orchard with an initial soil pH of 4.6, preplant application of 0, 6.4, 12.8, or 25.0 kg lime/tree site altered soil pH (range after 1 year = 4.7-7.1). Numbers of C. xenoplax remained low (<20/100 cm(3) soil), whereas numbers of Paratylenchus sp. increased to high levels (>500/100 cm(3) soil), regardless of treatment. Low levels (<20/100 cm(3) soil) of H. rhossiliensis -parasitized Paratylenchus sp. were detected. No bacterial canker occurred, but tree circumference was greater after 6 years if soil pH was intermediate (6.0-7.0).
在初始土壤pH值为4.9的桃园中，每棵树种植前施用0、13.2、18.2、27.3或54.2千克石灰会改变土壤pH值（1年后范围为4.8 - 7.3），但不影响柑桔线虫数量或树的周长。施用石灰也未能降低细菌性溃疡病的发病率，到种植后第六年，有17%的树受到影响。种植四年后，无论处理如何，柑桔线虫数量都超过400/100立方厘米土壤。柑桔线虫密度较高的树溃疡病发病率更高。直到第四年才检测到捕食线虫真菌罗西里被毛孢。此后，罗西里被毛孢的发病率以及被罗西里被毛孢寄生的柑桔线虫百分比增加，但增加滞后于线虫数量的增加。在初始土壤pH值为4.6的杏园中，每棵树种植前施用0、6.4、12.8或25.0千克石灰会改变土壤pH值（1年后范围为4.7 - 7.1）。无论处理如何，柑桔线虫数量仍然很低（<20/100立方厘米土壤），而短体线虫数量增加到很高水平（>500/100立方厘米土壤）。检测到低水平（<20/100立方厘米土壤）的被罗西里被毛孢寄生的短体线虫。未发生细菌性溃疡病，但如果土壤pH值处于中等水平（6.0 - 7.0），6年后树的周长更大。
