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幼儿对主观轮廓和霓虹色扩散图形的感知。

The perception of subjective contours and neon color spreading figures in young infants.

作者信息

Kavsek Michael

机构信息

University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

出版信息

Atten Percept Psychophys. 2009 Feb;71(2):412-20. doi: 10.3758/APP.71.2.412.

Abstract

The goal of the present habituation-dishabituation study was to explore sensitivity to subjective contours and neon color spreading patterns in infants. The first experiment was a replication of earlier investigations that showed evidence that even young infants are capable of perceiving subjective contours. Participants 4 months of age were habituated to a subjective Kanizsa square and were tested afterward for their ability to differentiate between the subjective square and a nonsubjective pattern that was constructed by rotating some of the inducing elements. Data analysis indicated a significant preference for the nonsubjective pattern. A control condition ensured that this result was not generated by the difference in figural symmetry or by the local differences between the test displays. In the second experiment, infant perception of a neon color spreading display was analyzed. Again, 4-month-old infants could discriminate between the illusory figure and a nonillusory pattern. Furthermore, infants in a control group did not respond to the difference in symmetry and the local differences between two nonillusory targets. Overall, the results show that young infants respond to illusory figures that are generated by either implicit T-junctions (Experiment 1) or implicit X-junctions (Experiment 2). The findings are interpreted against the background of the neurophysiological model proposed by Grossberg and Mingolla (1985).

摘要

本习惯化 - 去习惯化研究的目的是探究婴儿对主观轮廓和霓虹色扩散模式的敏感性。第一个实验是对早期研究的重复,早期研究表明,即使是小婴儿也能够感知主观轮廓。4个月大的参与者对一个主观卡尼萨方块进行习惯化,然后测试他们区分主观方块和通过旋转一些诱导元素构建的非主观模式的能力。数据分析表明对非主观模式有显著偏好。一个控制条件确保了这一结果不是由图形对称性的差异或测试显示之间的局部差异产生的。在第二个实验中,分析了婴儿对霓虹色扩散显示的感知。同样,4个月大的婴儿能够区分错觉图形和非错觉模式。此外,对照组的婴儿对两个非错觉目标之间的对称性差异和局部差异没有反应。总体而言,结果表明,小婴儿会对错觉图形做出反应,这些错觉图形是由隐式T型连接(实验1)或隐式X型连接(实验2)产生的。这些发现是在格罗斯伯格和明戈拉(1985)提出的神经生理模型的背景下进行解释的。

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