Valenzuela Carlos Y
Programa de Genética Humana, Universidad de Chile, Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 2008 Dec;136(12):1552-8. Epub 2009 Mar 23.
In approximately 15% of homosexual men, their phenotype is associated to the fraternal birth order. Older biological brothers induce in their mothers anti-male factors (antibodies) that interfere the brain maleness development of younger fetuses. This effect is seldom seen in non-right-handed men and is not seen in women. The influence of older siblings is seen in their sex ratio (SR). In contradiction with previous hypothesis, significant heterogeneities of SR have been found among older siblings of males or females, right or non-right-handed and homo or heterosexual individuals. This can only be understood as if the findings among homosexuals were part of a general mechanism of fetus-maternal tolerance-rejection processes of placental mammals. We found, in relation to ABO and Rh systems and sex, that embryos with genes different from those of their mothers, induced better pregnancies and maternal tolerance than embryos similar to their mothers. Assuming that homo or heterosexuality and right or non-right-handedness behave similar to ABO or Rh alleles, the author provides a speculative interpretation of these results. Homosexual women and especially if they are non-right-handed, are preceded by siblings with a high SR (maternal environment with anti-female or pro-male factors); then lesbianism or non-right-handedness may induce tolerance to be a woman in such anti-female environment. Non-right-handedness could induce tolerance for anti-male factors of mothers, thus preventing the production of gays in a pro-male maternal environment, but leading to the production of non-right-handed gays in anti-male maternal environments. Several new hypotheses and interpretations merge from this new proposition. Also, complete sexual orientation could be acquired after birth.
在大约15%的同性恋男性中,他们的表型与兄弟出生顺序有关。年长的亲哥哥会在他们母亲体内诱导产生抗男性因子(抗体),这些因子会干扰 younger fetuses的大脑男性化发育。这种效应在非右利手男性中很少见,在女性中则未观察到。年长兄弟姐妹的影响体现在他们的性别比(SR)上。与先前的假设相反,在男性或女性、右利手或非右利手、同性恋或异性恋个体的年长兄弟姐妹中发现了显著的SR异质性。这只能理解为,同性恋者中的这些发现是胎盘哺乳动物胎儿 - 母体耐受 - 排斥过程一般机制的一部分。我们发现,就ABO和Rh系统以及性别而言,基因与母亲不同的胚胎比与母亲相似的胚胎能诱导更好的妊娠和母体耐受性。假设同性恋或异性恋以及右利手或非右利手的行为类似于ABO或Rh等位基因,作者对这些结果提供了一种推测性解释。同性恋女性,尤其是如果她们是非右利手,其前面的兄弟姐妹具有较高的SR(具有抗女性或促男性因子的母体环境);那么女同性恋或非右利手可能会在这种抗女性环境中诱导出作为女性的耐受性。非右利手可能会诱导对母亲抗男性因子的耐受性,从而在促男性的母体环境中阻止同性恋的产生,但在抗男性的母体环境中导致非右利手同性恋的产生。从这个新命题中涌现出几个新的假设和解释。此外,完全的性取向可能在出生后获得。 (注:原文中“younger fetuses”表述不太准确,推测可能是想说“年轻胎儿”之类的意思,但不影响整体理解和翻译。)