Petrova Jelena G, Vaktskjold Arild
PG Vyzletsova, Clinical Childrens Hospital of Arkhangelskaja Oblast, Arkhangelsk, Russia.
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2009;88(6):667-72. doi: 10.1080/00016340902898008.
To determine the incidence of isolated anencephaly and spina bifida in the Arkhangelskaja Oblast (AO) in Russia and in Norway, and to study the maternal age distribution of these congenital defects.
A register-based incidence study.
Two different populations in Northern Europe.
All registered fetuses and newborns with at least 12 weeks' gestation in the populations of AO (1995-2004) and Norway (1999-2003) were included. A total of 141,159 in AO and 293,708 in Norway.
Data were obtained from the malformation register in AO and the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. Main outcome measures. Total and maternal age-group specific incidence of anencephaly and spina bifida.
A total of 298 newborns and abortuses had one of the defects in AO (21.1/10,000 (95% confidence interval:+/-3.4)) and 317 (10.8/10,000 (+/-1.2)) in Norway. The incidence of anencephaly was 10.7/10,000 in AO and 5.5 in Norway, and of spina bifida 10.4 and 5.3, respectively. An inverse association between the age of the pregnant women and the incidence of neural tube defects was observed in both populations; for both anencephaly and spina bifida in AO; but only for anencephaly (age < 30 years) in Norway.
The incidence of both anencephaly and spina bifida was higher in a northern population of Russia than in Norway. The burden of anencephaly was highest in the youngest maternal age group in both populations. The relatively high incidence of both anencephaly and spina bifida in the Russian population warrants further studies.
确定俄罗斯阿尔汉格尔斯克州（AO）和挪威孤立性无脑儿和脊柱裂的发病率，并研究这些先天性缺陷的产妇年龄分布情况。
基于登记处的发病率研究。
北欧的两个不同人群。
纳入AO人群（1995 - 2004年）和挪威人群（1999 - 2003年）中所有登记的妊娠至少12周的胎儿和新生儿。AO人群共141,159例，挪威人群共293,708例。
数据来自AO的畸形登记处和挪威的医学出生登记处。主要观察指标：无脑儿和脊柱裂的总发病率以及按产妇年龄组划分的发病率。
AO共有298例新生儿和流产儿患有其中一种缺陷（21.1/10,000（95%置信区间：±3.4）），挪威有317例（10.8/10,000（±1.2））。AO无脑儿的发病率为10.7/10,000，挪威为5.5/10,000；脊柱裂的发病率分别为10.4/10,000和5.3/10,000。在这两个人群中均观察到孕妇年龄与神经管缺陷发病率呈负相关；在AO中无脑儿和脊柱裂均如此；但在挪威仅无脑儿（年龄<30岁）呈现这种情况。
俄罗斯北部人群中无脑儿和脊柱裂的发病率均高于挪威。在两个人群中，最年轻产妇年龄组的无脑儿负担最高。俄罗斯人群中无脑儿和脊柱裂相对较高的发病率值得进一步研究。
