De Petrocellis Luciano, Di Marzo Vincenzo
Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Cybernetics and Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pozzuoli, NA, Italy.
Cell Calcium. 2009 Jun;45(6):611-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ceca.2009.03.003. Epub 2009 Apr 7.
Endocannabinoids and endovanilloids are, by definition, endogenous agonists at cannabinoid CB(1) or CB(2) receptors and transient receptor potential vanilloid-type-1 (TRPV1) channels, respectively. Due to the several ways through which cannabinoid receptors influence cytosolic Ca(2+) concentrations, and to the fact that TRPV1 activation leads to the gating of cations, including Ca(2+), both endocannabinoids and endovanilloids, taken separately, can strongly influence Ca(2+) signalling. Moreover, CB(1)/CB(2) receptors and TRPV1 channels are often expressed in the same or neighbouring cells, and this can lead to cross-talk between the two receptor types, which is further enriched by the fact that some endocannabinoids, like anandamide and N-arachidonoyldopamine, also activate TRPV1 channels. Finally, both endocannabinoids and endovanilloids also interact with non-cannabinoid, non-TRPV1 receptors and channels, and, although the full physiological relevance of such interactions is yet to be established, the "promiscuity" of these lipophilic molecules can increase even further the potential ways through which they affect Ca(2+) signalling. Here we discuss the effects of endocannabinoids and endovanilloids on cytosolic Ca(2+) concentrations and their potential biological consequences.
根据定义，内源性大麻素和内源性香草酸分别是大麻素CB(1)或CB(2)受体以及瞬时受体电位香草酸亚型1（TRPV1）通道的内源性激动剂。由于大麻素受体影响胞质Ca(2+)浓度的方式多种多样，且TRPV1激活会导致包括Ca(2+)在内的阳离子通道开放，因此单独来看，内源性大麻素和内源性香草酸均可强烈影响Ca(2+)信号传导。此外，CB(1)/CB(2)受体和TRPV1通道通常在相同或相邻细胞中表达，这可能导致两种受体类型之间发生相互作用，而一些内源性大麻素，如花生四烯乙醇胺和N-花生四烯酰多巴胺，也能激活TRPV1通道，这进一步丰富了这种相互作用。最后，内源性大麻素和内源性香草酸还与非大麻素、非TRPV1受体和通道相互作用，尽管此类相互作用的完整生理相关性尚待确定，但这些亲脂性分子的“混杂性”可能进一步增加它们影响Ca(2+)信号传导的潜在方式。在此，我们讨论内源性大麻素和内源性香草酸对胞质Ca(2+)浓度的影响及其潜在的生物学后果。
