Taylor Mark B, Geiger David A, Saker Korinn E, Larson Martha M
Banfield, The Pet Hospital, Christiansburg, VA 24060, USA.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2009 Apr 15;234(8):1041-8. doi: 10.2460/javma.234.8.1041.
An 8-month-old Shetland Sheepdog was evaluated because of the sudden onset of signs of neck pain, collapse, and inability to rise. A cursory diet history indicated that the dog had been fed a raw meat-based diet.
Initial evaluation of the dog revealed small physical stature, thin body condition, and signs of cranial cervical myelopathy. Radiographically, diffuse osteopenia of all skeletal regions was identified; polyostotic deformities associated with fracture remodeling were observed in weight-bearing bones, along with an apparent floating dental arcade. Hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia were detected via serum biochemical analyses. The dog's diet was imbalanced in macronutrients and macrominerals.
The dog received supportive care and treatment of medical complications; neurologic abnormalities improved rapidly without intervention. Dietary changes were implemented during hospitalization, and a long-term feeding regimen was established. Following discharge from the hospital, exercise restriction was continued at home. Serial follow-up evaluations, including quantitative bone density measurements, revealed that dietary changes were effective. After 7 months, the dog was clinically normal.
In the dog of this report, vitamin D-dependent rickets type I and suspected nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism developed following intake of a nutritionally incomplete and unbalanced diet. The raw meat-based, home-prepared diet fed to the dog was not feed-trial tested for any life stage by the Association of American Feed Control Officials, and its gross nutrient imbalance induced severe metabolic, orthopedic, and neurologic abnormalities. Inadvertent malnutrition can be avoided through proper diet assessment and by matching nutrient profiles with patients' nutritional needs.
一只8个月大的设得兰牧羊犬因突然出现颈部疼痛、虚脱及无法站立的症状而接受评估。粗略的饮食史表明这只狗一直喂食以生肉为主的饮食。
对这只狗的初步评估显示其体型小、身体状况消瘦，并有颈髓病的症状。影像学检查发现所有骨骼区域均有弥漫性骨质减少；在承重骨中观察到与骨折重塑相关的多骨畸形，以及明显的游离牙弓。通过血清生化分析检测到低钙血症和低磷血症。这只狗的饮食在常量营养素和常量矿物质方面不均衡。
这只狗接受了支持性护理及对医学并发症的治疗；未经干预，神经异常迅速改善。住院期间实施了饮食调整，并制定了长期喂养方案。出院后，在家中继续限制运动。包括定量骨密度测量在内的系列随访评估显示饮食调整是有效的。7个月后，这只狗临床症状正常。
在本报告中的这只狗，摄入营养不完整且不均衡的饮食后发生了I型维生素D依赖性佝偻病及疑似营养性继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进。喂给这只狗的以生肉为主的自制饮食未经过美国饲料管理官员协会针对任何生命阶段的饲料试验测试，其总体营养失衡导致了严重的代谢、骨科及神经异常。通过适当的饮食评估以及使营养成分与患者的营养需求相匹配，可以避免意外的营养不良。
