Kivelä Pia S, Krol Anneke, Partanen Airi L A, Ristola Matti A
Division of Infectious Diseases, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Scand J Public Health. 2009 Jun;37(4):357-63. doi: 10.1177/1403494809105290. Epub 2009 Apr 16.
To study the prevalence of sexual risk behaviour and to identify factors associated with inconsistent condom use of Finnish injecting drug users (IDUs), and thus to examine the potential of sexual transmission of HIV within and from this population.
HIV-positive (n = 89) and HIV-negative (n = 207) IDUs from the Helsinki metropolitan area were interviewed using a standardized questionnaire. Determinants of inconsistent condom use in the past 6 months were analyzed with logistic regression.
Inconsistent condom use was reported by 63% (39) of HIV-positive and 80% (144) of HIV-negative sexually active IDUs. Unprotected sex was more common in steady relationships (OR 5.6, CI 2.4-13.4). Inconsistent condom use was also associated with recent inpatient addiction treatment especially in the HIV-positive group (OR 15.7, 95% CI 1.7-143.0). Inpatient or outpatient addiction treatment was reported by 72% of the participants. Inconsistent condom use was not associated with age, gender, drug use frequency or markers of marginalization (unstable living, unemployment).
Inconsistent condom use allows for the spread of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among Finnish IDUs. Addiction treatment programmes should include interventions focused on sexual behaviour to all of their clients. Partners of IDUs should be actively offered HIV counselling and testing.
研究芬兰注射吸毒者（IDU）的性风险行为流行情况，并确定与不坚持使用避孕套相关的因素，从而探讨该人群内部及向外传播艾滋病毒的可能性。
使用标准化问卷对来自赫尔辛基大都市区的89名艾滋病毒阳性和207名艾滋病毒阴性注射吸毒者进行访谈。采用逻辑回归分析过去6个月不坚持使用避孕套的决定因素。
63%（39名）艾滋病毒阳性和80%（144名）有性活动的艾滋病毒阴性注射吸毒者报告存在不坚持使用避孕套的情况。在稳定关系中无保护性行为更为常见（比值比5.6，可信区间2.4 - 13.4）。不坚持使用避孕套还与近期住院戒毒治疗有关，尤其是在艾滋病毒阳性组（比值比15.7，95%可信区间1.7 - 143.0）。72%的参与者报告接受过住院或门诊戒毒治疗。不坚持使用避孕套与年龄、性别、吸毒频率或边缘化指标（生活不稳定、失业）无关。
不坚持使用避孕套会导致艾滋病毒和其他性传播感染在芬兰注射吸毒者中传播。戒毒治疗项目应针对所有客户开展侧重于性行为的干预措施。应积极为注射吸毒者的性伴侣提供艾滋病毒咨询和检测。
