Alexander Tim, Wilson Stuart P, Wilson Paul N
Department of Psychology, University of Hull, United Kingdom.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2009 May;35(3):694-708. doi: 10.1037/a0015124.
Using desktop, computer-simulated virtual environments (VEs), the authors conducted 5 experiments to investigate blocking of learning about a goal location based on Shape B as a consequence of preliminary training to locate that goal using Shape A. The shapes were large 2-dimensional horizontal figures on the ground. Blocking of spatial learning was found when the initially trained Shape A was presented in the context of auxiliary shapes that were anticipated to be irrelevant to goal localization. When Shape A was initially presented in the absence of these auxiliary shapes, no evidence of blocking between shapes was apparent. The results are discussed in terms of the similarity between spatial and other forms of contingency learning, the operation of a specialized geometric module, and changes in attention as a consequence of discrimination learning.
作者利用桌面式计算机模拟虚拟环境（VEs）进行了5项实验，以研究在基于形状A对目标位置进行初步定位训练后，因之对基于形状B学习目标位置的阻碍作用。这些形状是地面上的大型二维水平图形。当最初训练的形状A出现在预期与目标定位无关的辅助形状背景中时，发现了空间学习的阻碍现象。当形状A最初在没有这些辅助形状的情况下呈现时，形状之间没有明显的阻碍证据。本文从空间学习与其他形式的偶然性学习之间的相似性、专门几何模块的运作以及辨别学习导致的注意力变化等方面对研究结果进行了讨论。
