面部移植：头颈重建的下一个前沿领域。
Facial transplantation: the next frontier in head and neck reconstruction.
作者信息
Park Eunice E, Genden Eric M
机构信息
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1189, New York, NY 10029, USA.
出版信息
Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am. 2009 May;17(2):271-7. doi: 10.1016/j.fsc.2009.01.007.
Facial reconstruction poses a unique surgical challenge-restoring the aesthetic form and function of the face. Established techniques for reconstruction include skin grafts, local cutaneous tissue flaps, and free flap autografts. The anatomic complexity of the face renders it challenging, however, to obtain a successful cosmetic and functional result. The success of recent hand, knee joint, and larynx allotransplantation and advances in immunosuppressive regimens have pushed the technical frontiers of composite tissue transfer to include partial facial transplantation. This article reviews current techniques for reconstruction of facial defects, with a focus on the microsurgical, immunologic, and ethical considerations of facial allotransplantation.
面部重建带来了独特的外科挑战——恢复面部的美学形态和功能。既定的重建技术包括皮肤移植、局部皮肤组织瓣和游离皮瓣自体移植。然而，面部的解剖复杂性使得获得成功的美容和功能效果具有挑战性。近期手部、膝关节和喉部同种异体移植的成功以及免疫抑制方案的进展推动了复合组织移植的技术前沿，将部分面部移植纳入其中。本文回顾了当前面部缺损重建技术，重点关注面部同种异体移植的显微外科、免疫学和伦理考量。
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