Caplan M S
Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
J Perinatol. 2009 May;29 Suppl 2:S2-6. doi: 10.1038/jp.2009.21.
The pathophysiology of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) has not been clearly elucidated, but recent studies support the role of unbalanced pro-inflammatory signaling, leading to intestinal necrosis in premature infants. Although breast milk feeding is thought to reduce the risk of this condition, there are no preventive or therapeutic approaches that have consistently shown to be effective for this common and devastating disease. Recent studies show that probiotic colonization is abnormal in preterm neonates, and enteral supplementation with a variety of probiotic organisms can reduce the risk of disease. This chapter summarizes the current state-of-the-art regarding probiotics and NEC, but suggests caution until appropriately regulated products are available for use in this high-risk population.
坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）的病理生理学尚未完全阐明，但最近的研究支持促炎信号失衡在导致早产儿肠道坏死中所起的作用。尽管母乳喂养被认为可降低患此病的风险，但尚无一直被证明对这种常见且严重疾病有效的预防或治疗方法。最近的研究表明，早产儿的益生菌定植异常，补充多种益生菌可降低患病风险。本章总结了关于益生菌与坏死性小肠结肠炎的当前最新情况，但建议在有适用于这一高危人群的规范产品之前谨慎行事。
