Miguel-Aliaga Irene, Thor Stefan
Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2009 Apr;19(2):127-33. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2009.04.002. Epub 2009 May 14.
Studies of developmental cell death in the nervous system have revealed two different modes of programmed cell death (PCD). One results from competition for target-derived trophic factors and leads to the stochastic removal of neurons and/or glia. A second, hard-wired form of PCD involves the lineage-specific, stereotypical death of identifiable neurons, glia or undifferentiated cells. Although traditionally associated with invertebrates, this 'programmed PCD' can also occur in vertebrates. Recent studies have shed light on its genetic control and have revealed that activation of the apoptotic machinery can be under the same complex, combinatorial control as the expression of terminal differentiation genes. This review will highlight these findings and will suggest why such complex control evolved.
对神经系统发育性细胞死亡的研究揭示了程序性细胞死亡（PCD）的两种不同模式。一种是由于对靶源性营养因子的竞争导致神经元和/或胶质细胞的随机清除。第二种形式的PCD是硬连线形式，涉及特定谱系中可识别的神经元、胶质细胞或未分化细胞的定型死亡。尽管传统上与无脊椎动物相关，但这种“程序性PCD”也可发生在脊椎动物中。最近的研究揭示了其遗传控制机制，并表明凋亡机制的激活可能与终末分化基因的表达受相同的复杂组合控制。本综述将重点介绍这些发现，并探讨这种复杂控制机制进化的原因。
