Ruangdaraganon Nichara, Chuthapisith Jariya, Mo-suwan Ladda, Kriweradechachai Suntree, Udomsubpayakul Umaporn, Choprapawon Chanpen
Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
BMC Pediatr. 2009 May 22;9:34. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-9-34.
Effects of television to language development in infants and toddlers, especially in the Asian children, are inconclusive. This study aimed to (a) study time spent on television in Thai infants and toddlers (age < 2 years), (b) investigate the association between time spent on television (as recommended by the American Academy of Paediatrics (AAP), < 2 hours per day) and language development in Thai 2-year-old children, and (c) explore parental perceptions on television toward their child's development.
Two hundred and sixty children and their parents were recruited into the study. Time spent on television and parental perceptions on television viewing toward their child's development were recorded during face-to-face and telephone interviews. Language development was assessed at the age of 2 years using the Clinical Linguistic Auditory Milestone Scale (CLAMS), and parents' report. Association between delayed language development and time spent on television viewing, as well as other various parameters such as gender, maternal education and family income, were analysed using a multivariate logistic regression model.
Most Thai infants and toddlers watched television at the age of 6 months, 1 year and 2 years old (98.0, 95.3 and 96.7%, respectively). On average, 1-year-old children watched television 1.23 +/- 1.42 hours per day. This increased to 1.69 +/- 1.56 hours per day when they were 2 years old. However, watching television longer than 2 hours per day did not associate with delayed language development. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, gender (male) was the only significant factor associated with delayed language development (OR = 6.9, 95% CI = 1.5-31.3). Moreover, 75%, 71%, and 66% of Thai parents believed that television viewing yielded benefits to children's developments.
Thai children commenced watching television at an early age and the amount of television viewing time increased by age. Most parents had positive perceptions to television viewing. The study found no association between time spent on television viewing (>or= 2 hours per day) and delayed language development at the age of 2 years. Gender (male) was the only variable associated with delayed language development.
电视对婴幼儿语言发育的影响尚无定论，尤其是对亚洲儿童。本研究旨在：（a）调查泰国婴幼儿（年龄＜2岁）看电视的时间；（b）研究每天看电视时间（按照美国儿科学会（AAP）的建议，每天＜2小时）与泰国2岁儿童语言发育之间的关联；（c）探究家长对电视对孩子发育影响的看法。
招募260名儿童及其家长参与本研究。在面对面访谈和电话访谈中记录看电视的时间以及家长对看电视对孩子发育影响的看法。使用临床语言听觉里程碑量表（CLAMS）和家长报告在2岁时评估语言发育情况。使用多因素逻辑回归模型分析语言发育迟缓与看电视时间以及其他各种参数（如性别、母亲教育程度和家庭收入）之间的关联。
大多数泰国婴幼儿在6个月、1岁和2岁时看电视（分别为98.0%、95.3%和96.7%）。平均而言，1岁儿童每天看电视1.23±1.42小时。到2岁时，这一数字增加到1.69±1.56小时。然而，每天看电视超过2小时与语言发育迟缓并无关联。多因素逻辑回归分析显示，性别（男性）是与语言发育迟缓相关的唯一显著因素（OR = 6.9，95%CI = 1.5 - 31.3）。此外，75%、71%和66%的泰国家长认为看电视对孩子的发育有益。
泰国儿童在幼年就开始看电视，且看电视时间随年龄增长而增加。大多数家长对看电视持积极看法。该研究发现，每天看电视时间超过2小时与2岁时的语言发育迟缓之间没有关联。性别（男性）是与语言发育迟缓相关的唯一变量。
