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小鼠内耳血管纹中两种黑素细胞的鉴定。

Identification of two types of melanocyte within the stria vascularis of the mouse inner ear.

作者信息

Cable J, Steel K P

机构信息

MRC Institute of Hearing Research, University Park, Nottingham, UK.

出版信息

Pigment Cell Res. 1991 Mar;4(2):87-101. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0749.1991.tb00320.x.

Abstract

We have distinguished two types of melanocyte within the intermediate layer of the stria vascularis in the cochlea of normally pigmented mice: light and dark intermediate cells. The light intermediate cells are present in the stria from birth and have the typical appearance of a melanocyte. They are large and dendritic with electron-lucent cytoplasm containing numerous vesicles that show tyrosinase activity, and pigment granules in various stages of development. These granules have the ultrastructural and histochemical characteristics of premelanosomes and melanosomes. The light intermediate cells persist throughout life, but less frequently contain pigment in older animals. The dark intermediate cells, present only in adult mice, vary considerably in number and distribution between animals. Pigment granules, bound within an electron-dense acid phosphatase-rich matrix, form the main component of the dark intermediate cells. The intermediate cells may comprise either two distinct cell populations or different developmental stages of the same cell type; ultrastructural observations suggest the latter. In young mice, light intermediate cells contain the electron-dense matrices, which at later stages of development are found almost exclusively in dark cells. The dark intermediate cells contain few cell organelles other than pigment granules accumulated within lysosomal bodies and they often have pycnotic nuclei. These observations suggest that the dark intermediate cells are a degenerate form of the light intermediate cells. Clusters of melanosomes also occur in the basal cells, and to a much lesser extent in the marginal cells. These cells do not stain after incubation in DOPA, suggesting that they are not capable of melanin synthesis, and therefore probably acquire melanin by donation from adjacent melanocytes. Pigment clusters are also found within the spiral ligament at all stages of development.

摘要

我们在正常色素沉着小鼠耳蜗的血管纹中间层中区分出了两种黑素细胞

浅色和深色中间细胞。浅色中间细胞从出生起就存在于血管纹中,具有黑素细胞的典型外观。它们体积大,呈树突状,细胞质电子透明,含有许多显示酪氨酸酶活性的囊泡以及处于不同发育阶段的色素颗粒。这些颗粒具有前黑素小体和黑素小体的超微结构和组织化学特征。浅色中间细胞终生存在,但在老年动物中含色素的情况较少见。深色中间细胞仅存在于成年小鼠中,不同动物之间其数量和分布差异很大。色素颗粒结合在富含电子致密酸性磷酸酶的基质中,构成了深色中间细胞的主要成分。中间细胞可能由两个不同的细胞群体组成,也可能是同一细胞类型的不同发育阶段;超微结构观察结果表明是后者。在幼鼠中,浅色中间细胞含有电子致密基质,而在发育后期,这种基质几乎只在深色细胞中发现。深色中间细胞除了溶酶体中积累的色素颗粒外,几乎没有其他细胞器,并且它们的细胞核常常固缩。这些观察结果表明,深色中间细胞是浅色中间细胞的一种退化形式。黑素小体簇也出现在基底细胞中,在边缘细胞中出现的程度要小得多。这些细胞在多巴孵育后不染色,表明它们不能合成黑色素,因此可能是通过从相邻黑素细胞获取黑色素。在发育的各个阶段,螺旋韧带中也发现了色素簇。

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