Jotkowitz A B, Glick S
Prywess Center for Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Ben-Gurion University, POB 151, Beer-Sheva, Israel 84105.
J Med Ethics. 2009 Jun;35(6):357-60. doi: 10.1136/jme.2008.028399.
In the past 3 years, three landmark laws relating to bioethics have been passed in the Israeli parliament. These are the Terminally Ill Patient Law (in 2005) and the Organ Donation Law and the Brain Death/Respiratory Law (in 2008). To reach consensus on these difficult issues in a multicultural society such as Israel was not an easy undertaking. Using learning from previous failed attempts, compromise, dialogue and work done in the absence of hysteria and publicity were crucial to the process. In all three laws, compromises were obtained between the secular and religious factions, from which an acceptable law was developed. The Israeli experience is a model of a country working to synthesise an ancient tradition with the complexities of modern life and could serve as an example for other countries struggling with similar issues.
在过去三年里,以色列议会通过了三项与生物伦理相关的具有里程碑意义的法律。它们分别是《晚期患者法》(2005年)、《器官捐赠法》以及《脑死亡/呼吸法》(2008年)。在以色列这样一个多元文化社会中,就这些棘手问题达成共识并非易事。借鉴以往失败尝试的经验,在没有歇斯底里情绪和大肆宣扬的情况下进行妥协、对话和开展工作,对这一进程至关重要。在这三项法律中,世俗派和宗教派别之间都达成了妥协,在此基础上制定出了一部可接受的法律。以色列的经验是一个国家努力将古老传统与现代生活的复杂性相结合的典范,可为其他在类似问题上苦苦挣扎的国家提供借鉴。