药物治疗在幼儿自我调节困难管理中的作用。
The role of pharmacotherapy in the management of self-regulation difficulties in young children.
作者信息
Reebye Pratibha N, Elbe Dean
机构信息
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia.
出版信息
J Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2009 May;18(2):150-9.
OBJECTIVE
To review adjunctive pharmacotherapeutic options in the management of self-regulation difficulties in young children.
METHODS
Review of available literature and clinical experience pertaining to use of psychiatric medications in preschool aged children (under age 6).
RESULTS
Relatively few medications are approved for use in preschool aged children. Pharmacotherapy in this age group may include melatonin for sleep disorders, psychostimulants for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilizers and alpha-agonists. Medication efficacy and adverse effects in this age group are poorly characterized and limited by lack of age-appropriate monitoring scales and published clinical experience.
CONCLUSION
As an adjunctive measure, pharmacotherapy is sometimes warranted in young children who are unable to self-regulate their physiological, emotional and behavioural responses.
目的
回顾辅助药物治疗方案在幼儿自我调节困难管理中的应用。
方法
回顾与学龄前儿童（6岁以下）使用精神药物相关的现有文献和临床经验。
结果
相对较少的药物被批准用于学龄前儿童。该年龄组的药物治疗可能包括用于睡眠障碍的褪黑素、用于注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）的精神兴奋剂、选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂（SSRI）、第二代抗精神病药物、心境稳定剂和α-激动剂。该年龄组的药物疗效和不良反应特征不明确，且因缺乏适合该年龄的监测量表和已发表的临床经验而受到限制。
结论
作为一种辅助措施，药物治疗有时适用于无法自我调节其生理、情绪和行为反应的幼儿。
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