Rosenstiel Paul, Gharavi Ali, D'Agati Vivette, Klotman Paul
Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009 Nov;20(11):2296-304. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2008121230. Epub 2009 Jun 4.
HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is a major cause of HIV-related morbidity and mortality. Transgenic and infectious models of HIVAN faithfully recapitulate the human disease and are important tools in advancing our understanding of disease pathogenesis, genetic susceptibility, and therapeutic intervention beyond the inhibition of viral replication. This review discusses the available transgenic murine models and infectious models of HIVAN in mice, rats, nonhuman primates, and felines. Particular emphasis is given to cell type-specific HIV expression as well as partial HIV genome expression used to map HIV-1 Nef and Vpr as pathologic determinants.
人类免疫缺陷病毒相关性肾病（HIVAN）是导致HIV相关发病和死亡的主要原因。HIVAN的转基因模型和感染模型能如实地重现人类疾病情况，是推进我们对疾病发病机制、遗传易感性以及超越抑制病毒复制的治疗干预理解的重要工具。本综述讨论了现有的小鼠、大鼠、非人灵长类动物和猫科动物的HIVAN转基因鼠模型和感染模型。特别强调了细胞类型特异性HIV表达以及用于将HIV-1 Nef和Vpr定位为病理决定因素的部分HIV基因组表达。
