Cone E J, Yousefnejad D, Darwin W D, Maguire T
Addiction Research Center, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland 21224.
J Anal Toxicol. 1991 Sep-Oct;15(5):250-5. doi: 10.1093/jat/15.5.250.
Two unique metabolites of cocaine, cocaethylene and norcocaine, were identified by GC/MS in the hair of cocaine users. Their presence cannot be explained by environmental contamination; thus, their presence together with cocaine provides convincing evidence that cocaine is excreted in hair after active cocaine administration. The amount of cocaine in hair predominated over all metabolites generally by a factor of 5-10. Two washing procedures were evaluated for their efficiency in removal of cocaine from environmentally contaminated hair. Neither procedure completely removed cocaine, suggesting that false positives can result from environmental contamination. Analysis of the methanolic wash of the hair of cocaine users also revealed the presence of cocaine metabolites, indicating that washing removes cocaine from the interior as well as from the exterior surface of hair during decontamination procedures.
通过气相色谱/质谱联用仪（GC/MS）在可卡因使用者的头发中鉴定出了可卡因的两种独特代谢物——可卡乙碱和去甲可卡因。它们的存在无法用环境污染来解释；因此，它们与可卡因一同出现提供了令人信服的证据，表明在积极使用可卡因后，可卡因会排泄到头发中。头发中可卡因的含量通常比所有代谢物都要高，一般是其5到10倍。评估了两种清洗程序从受环境污染的头发中去除可卡因的效率。两种程序都不能完全去除可卡因，这表明环境污染可能导致假阳性结果。对可卡因使用者头发的甲醇清洗液进行分析还发现了可卡因代谢物的存在，这表明在去污过程中，清洗能从头发内部以及外表面去除可卡因。
