Observatoire sociologique du changement, Sciences Po, 27, rue Saint-Guillaume, 75337 Paris Cedex 07, France.
Econ Hum Biol. 2009 Dec;7(3):398-404. doi: 10.1016/j.ehb.2009.06.002. Epub 2009 Jun 23.
Although France is less affected by the rise in obesity than neighboring countries, the prevalence of obesity has increased, changing the distribution of this pathology in the population. We analyze this evolution by social status, education, income and gender, region of residence, using the three French national Health Surveys conducted in 1981, 1992 and 2003. The average body weight of both women and men has increased in France since 1981 and accelerated since the 1990s. This trend is obtained among all age groups. Nevertheless, this process did not affect all socioeconomic groups similarly. Geographical differences increased between north-east, where the prevalence of obesity is higher, and the Mediterranean region, where it is lower. Likewise, the gap between social and occupational categories has greatly widened: obesity has increased much faster among farmers and blue-collar workers than among managers and professionals. In contrast to women, poorer men are not more likely to be more obese than others. Our findings suggest that differences in BMI values increased substantially among social groups in France, in particular among women.
尽管法国受肥胖率上升的影响比邻国小，但肥胖的流行率却有所上升，改变了这种病理学在人群中的分布。我们通过社会地位、教育、收入和性别、居住地区等因素，利用 1981 年、1992 年和 2003 年进行的三次法国国家健康调查来分析这种演变。自 1981 年以来，法国男女的平均体重都有所增加，自 20 世纪 90 年代以来，这一趋势加速发展。这一趋势在所有年龄段都存在。然而，这一过程并没有以同样的方式影响所有社会经济群体。地理差异在东北部（肥胖率较高）和地中海地区（肥胖率较低）之间扩大。同样，社会和职业类别的差距也大大扩大：农民和蓝领工人的肥胖率增长速度比经理和专业人士更快。与女性不同，贫困男性的肥胖率并不比其他人高。我们的研究结果表明，法国社会群体之间的 BMI 值差异显著增加，特别是女性。
