Enomoto T, Lu H Q, Yin M, Sakoda T, Dake Y, Enomoto K, Ide T, Cheng L
Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Tottori, Japan.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2009;19(4):299-305.
Second-generation oral H1-antihistamines have become a mainstay of treatment for the symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis; however, the effect of olopatadine has not been widely reported to date.
To evaluate the efficacy of 2 oral H1-antihistamines, olopatadine and fexofenadine, in the treatment of the nasal symptoms of Japanese cedar pollinosis and their possible side effects.
This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study conducted in an environmental exposure unit (EEU). Twenty volunteers suffering from Japanese cedar pollinosis were randomly divided into 3 groups and exposed to cedar pollen in the EEU with oral administration of olopatadine hydrochloride (5 mg), fexofenadine hydrochloride (60 mg), or placebo 1 hour prior to pollen exposure. Nasal symptoms, activity impairment, and subjective sleepiness were self-assessed during the study period. Attention was measured using the digit cancellation test. The trial was repeated after 4 and 7 weeks.
Compared with placebo, olopatadine significantly improved nasal symptoms and activity impairment during pollen exposure (P < .05). There was no significant relief of nasal discharge or nasal congestion with fexofenadine throughout the 5-hour exposure to cedar pollen. Furthermore, olopatadine significantly reduced nasal congestion during the first 2 hours, as well as sneezing and nasal discharge 4 hours after admission to the EEU compared with fexofenadine (P < .05). There was no significant difference in the effect on subjective sleepiness among the 3 groups, and all 3 agents had little effect on attention.
These findings suggest that olopatadine is more effective than placebo and fexofenadine in improving nasal symptoms of Japanese cedar pollinosis.
第二代口服H1抗组胺药已成为治疗季节性变应性鼻炎症状的主要药物；然而，迄今为止，奥洛他定的疗效尚未得到广泛报道。
评估两种口服H1抗组胺药奥洛他定和非索非那定治疗日本雪松花粉症鼻部症状的疗效及其可能的副作用。
这是一项在环境暴露单元（EEU）进行的随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、交叉研究。20名患有日本雪松花粉症的志愿者被随机分为3组，在EEU中暴露于雪松花粉，在花粉暴露前1小时口服盐酸奥洛他定（5毫克）、盐酸非索非那定（60毫克）或安慰剂。在研究期间对鼻部症状、活动障碍和主观嗜睡进行自我评估。使用数字划消试验测量注意力。4周和7周后重复试验。
与安慰剂相比，奥洛他定在花粉暴露期间显著改善了鼻部症状和活动障碍（P < 0.05）。在5小时的雪松花粉暴露期间，非索非那定对鼻分泌物或鼻塞没有明显缓解作用。此外，与非索非那定相比，奥洛他定在最初2小时内显著减轻了鼻塞，并且在进入EEU 4小时后减轻了打喷嚏和鼻分泌物（P < 0.05）。3组对主观嗜睡的影响没有显著差异，并且所有3种药物对注意力的影响都很小。
这些发现表明，在改善日本雪松花粉症的鼻部症状方面，奥洛他定比安慰剂和非索非那定更有效。
