Darlington Cynthia L, Goddard Matthew, Zheng Yiwen, Smith Paul F
Department Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009 May;1164:134-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03725.x.
Many clinical studies have reported that patients with vestibular disorders have a high rate of anxiety disorders and depression. By contrast, there have been few studies of affective behavior in animals following vestibular lesions. Recent studies using the vestibular impaired ci2/ci2 mutant rat strain have shown that rather than preferring the closed arm of the elevated plus maze, as rats would normally, they make more open-arm entries and spend more time on the open arms compared to wild-type controls. In the open-field maze, rather than preferring to explore the outer zone near the walls ("thigmotaxis"), ci2/ci2 rats prefer the inner region of the maze. In rats with bilateral vestibular deafferentation (BVD), similar results were obtained. Compared to sham controls, at 3 and 5 months post-op, BVD rats spent more time on the open arms of the elevated plus maze, more time in the inner zone of the open-field maze, and failed to learn inhibitory avoidance in the elevated T maze. They did not display increased hyponeophagia; however, they did exhibit a decrease in social interaction. Blood corticosterone levels were not significantly different from sham controls. At 6 months post-op, BVD rats demonstrated circumscribed changes in the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase, the serotonin transporter, and tryptophan hydroxylase, in various regions of the medial temporal and frontal lobes, suggesting changes in biogenic amine pathways.
许多临床研究报告称，前庭疾病患者患焦虑症和抑郁症的比例很高。相比之下，关于前庭损伤后动物情感行为的研究却很少。最近使用前庭功能受损的ci2/ci2突变大鼠品系的研究表明，与正常大鼠更喜欢高架十字迷宫的封闭臂不同，与野生型对照相比，它们进入开放臂的次数更多，在开放臂上花费的时间也更多。在旷场迷宫中，ci2/ci2大鼠不喜欢探索靠近墙壁的外部区域（“趋触性”），而是更喜欢迷宫的内部区域。在双侧前庭去传入（BVD）的大鼠中也得到了类似的结果。与假手术对照组相比，术后3个月和5个月时，BVD大鼠在高架十字迷宫的开放臂上花费的时间更多，在旷场迷宫的内部区域花费的时间更多，并且在高架T迷宫中未能学会抑制性回避。它们没有表现出进食减少增加；然而，它们确实表现出社交互动减少。血液皮质酮水平与假手术对照组没有显著差异。术后6个月，BVD大鼠在内侧颞叶和额叶的各个区域中，酪氨酸羟化酶、5-羟色胺转运体和色氨酸羟化酶的表达出现了局限性变化，这表明生物胺途径发生了改变。
