Community Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Residues, AFSSAFougères-LERMVD, La Haute Marche, Fougeres, France.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2009 Apr;26(4):427-40. doi: 10.1080/02652030802527626.
The screening of antimicrobial residues in eggs is an especially important subject. Three different commercial kits for the screening of sulphonamides and other antimicrobials in eggs were validated in accordance with Decision 2002/657/EC: one enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) kit multi-sulphonamides (from RAISIO Diagnostics) and two microbiological tests (a Premi test from DSM and an Explorer kit from Zeu-Inmunotec). The false-positive rates were lower than 2% for all kits. The detection capabilities (CCbeta) have to be as low as possible for banned substances and lower than the maximum residue limit (MRL) when MRLs have been set. The sensitivity of the Premi test was better than that of the Explorer test, probably because of the dilution of the eggs before the Explorer test was used. The CCbeta values towards most of the tested sulphonamides were satisfactory with the Premi test (< or = 100 microg kg(-1)). Performance in a proficiency test for the detection of sulphonamides in eggs with the Premi test confirmed these results. The detection capabilities of tetracycline and doxycycline were at the level of the MRL or twice the MRL maximum. The detection capabilities for chlortetracycline and oxytetracycline were higher (four to six times the MRL). The detection capabilities for amoxicillin, neomycin, tylosin and erythromycin were lower than their respective MRLs. Detection capabilities for sulphonamides were much lower for the ELISA kit than for microbiological tests. The ELISA kit could be recommended for the targeted screening of sulphonamides in eggs. On the other hand, the Explorer and Premi tests could be used as wide screening tests allowing the detection of most of the antimicrobial families.
鸡蛋中抗菌药物残留的筛查是一个特别重要的课题。按照第 2002/657/EC 号决定，对用于鸡蛋中磺胺类药物和其他抗菌药物筛查的三种不同的商业化试剂盒进行了验证：一种酶联免疫吸附测定试剂盒（RAISIO Diagnostics 的多磺胺试剂盒）和两种微生物测试（DSM 的 Premi 测试和 Zeu-Inmunotec 的 Explorer 试剂盒）。所有试剂盒的假阳性率均低于 2%。对于禁用物质，检测能力（CCbeta）应尽可能低，而当设定最大残留限量（MRL）时，检测能力应低于 MRL。Premi 测试的灵敏度优于 Explorer 测试，这可能是因为在使用 Explorer 测试之前对鸡蛋进行了稀释。Premi 测试对大多数测试的磺胺类药物的 CCbeta 值是令人满意的（<或=100μgkg(-1)）。在对使用 Premi 测试检测鸡蛋中磺胺类药物的能力进行的能力验证测试中，证实了这些结果。四环素和强力霉素的检测能力处于 MRL 或 MRL 最大值的两倍。金霉素和土霉素的检测能力更高（是 MRL 的四到六倍）。阿莫西林、新霉素、泰乐菌素和红霉素的检测能力低于各自的 MRL。磺胺类药物的检测能力比微生物测试的检测能力低得多。酶联免疫吸附测定试剂盒可推荐用于鸡蛋中磺胺类药物的靶向筛查。另一方面，Explorer 和 Premi 测试可作为广泛的筛查测试，可检测到大多数抗菌药物家族。
