[Evaluation of the risk of diabetes in the offspring of patients with diagnosis of type 2 diabetes].

INTRODUCTION

There are many commonly known risk factors of type 2 diabetes. One of them is the occurrence of the disease in 1st degree relatives. THE AIM OF THE STUDY was: a) to evaluate the threat of type 2 diabetes in adult children of patients with type 2 diabetes, b) to analyze the frequency of type 2 diabetes and other disorders in offspring of parents with type 2 diabetes, c) to detect metabolic disorders before clinical manifestation and the development of macro- and microangiopathy, d) to introduce early prevention and treatment in case of disorders, e) to evaluate the influence of sex and age on the metabolic disorders.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Included in the study were 197 declared as healthy probands, children from parents with type 2 diabetes, aged 18-71 years, 71 men and 126 women. In 74 of the probands the father has type 2 diabetes, mean age 42 years, in 121 the mother, mean age 43 years. In one case both the father and the mother has diabetes type 2. All the offspring's were divided in age groups. Group 1:18-44 years, group 2 over 44 years and in subgroups depending on sex. All the examined offspring's has had following examinations: BMJ, fasting glycaemia 2 times, OGTT, cholesterol, TG, HDL, LDL insulinaemia, peptide C, HbA1c, indirect insulin resistance index.

RESULTS

Hyperglycemia was ascertained in 37%, including unknown diabetes type 2 in 25% in the group with a diabetic father. In the group with a diabetic mother unknown diabetes type 2 was shown in 23%. In the whole group 58% of the offspring's were overweight or obese, glycaemia disorders existed in 44%, especially in the age group over 44 years. More than half of the examined offspring's has an increased level of cholesterol and HbA1c, especially in sons of diabetic fathers, aged over 44 years. The increased level of insulin peptide C, HbA1c, BMI and blood pressure correlated with the age over 44 years and with the male sex.

CONCLUSION

1. Offspring of parents with type 2 diabetes is a group of high risk for the development of diabetes type 2. 2. Necessary is a complex examination and furthermore a close monitoring of the risk factors for diabetes, in offspring's of parents with type 2 diabetes.