野外实地接种疫苗对抗黏液瘤病及其效果。

Field experimental vaccination campaigns against myxomatosis and their effectiveness in the wild.

机构信息

Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (CSIC-UCLM-JCCM), Ronda de Toledo, s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.

出版信息

Vaccine. 2009 Nov 23;27(50):6998-7002. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.075. Epub 2009 Oct 1.

DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.075

PMID:19800438

Abstract

We conducted a field experiment in SW Spain to test the efficacy of a myxomatosis vaccine, a viral disease strongly affecting wild rabbit populations, by assessing individual survival and antibody seroprevalence of monthly live-trapped, vaccinated (N=466) and unvaccinated (N=558) juvenile wild rabbits, between April and October 2007. Eight percent of all juveniles caught from April to June showed maternal antibodies against myxomatosis, whereas all animals were seropositive to the disease after the outbreak. Juveniles vaccinated before the outbreak showed 17% higher survival (31% vs. 14%) and an increased mortality probability of 8% after the outbreak. Results suggest that only a costly and systematic vaccination performed before the annual myxomatosis outbreak, would improve the survival of juvenile rabbits, a premise not always accomplished that compromises its efficacy in the field.

摘要

我们在西班牙西南部进行了一项实地实验，以评估个体生存和每月活捕、接种（N=466）和未接种（N=558）的幼年野生兔的抗体血清阳性率，来测试粘液瘤病疫苗的功效，粘液瘤病是一种严重影响野生兔种群的病毒性疾病。2007 年 4 月至 10 月期间，8%的所有幼兔都表现出针对粘液瘤病的母源抗体，而所有动物在疫情爆发后都对该病呈血清阳性。在疫情爆发前接种疫苗的幼兔的存活率提高了 17%（31%比 14%），疫情爆发后，其死亡率增加了 8%。结果表明，只有在每年的粘液瘤病爆发前进行昂贵且系统的疫苗接种，才能提高幼年兔的存活率，但这种前提并不总是能够实现，这会影响其在野外的功效。