Chen L E, Seaber A V, Bossen E, Urbaniak J R
Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.
J Orthop Res. 1991 Mar;9(2):266-74. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100090215.
Although tissue is denervated during replantation of a severed part, tissue transfer, or muscle transplantation, there are few studies concerning the effects of acute denervation on muscle microcirculation. We have described a surgical procedure that totally denervates the rat cremaster muscle. Histological examination of the denervated tissue has given convincing evidence of nerve degeneration and skeletal muscle atrophy, accompanied by electrophysiological evidence of total denervation. The diameters of each component of the microcirculation were measured before and after denervation. Arterioles and arteries ranging in size from 10 to 70 microns in diameter were found to increase significantly in size immediately after acute denervation. Larger arteries and veins did not undergo significant diametrical increases. These findings suggest that total acute denervation significantly increases the diameter of small arteries and arterioles, thereby decreasing the resistance in the arterial bed and increasing blood flow. Since this phenomenon is of limited duration (20 min), it would appear to be ineffective in enhancing reperfusion and oxygenation at the time of reattachment of amputated parts or during vascularized tissue transfers, until methods of prolonging it for several hours or more are found.
尽管在断肢再植、组织移植或肌肉移植过程中组织会失去神经支配，但关于急性去神经对肌肉微循环影响的研究却很少。我们描述了一种使大鼠提睾肌完全去神经的手术方法。对去神经组织的组织学检查提供了神经变性和骨骼肌萎缩的确凿证据，同时伴有完全去神经的电生理证据。在去神经前后测量了微循环各组成部分的直径。发现直径在10至70微米之间的小动脉和微动脉在急性去神经后立即显著增大。较大的动脉和静脉直径没有明显增加。这些发现表明，完全急性去神经会显著增加小动脉和微动脉的直径，从而降低动脉床的阻力并增加血流量。由于这种现象持续时间有限（20分钟），在断肢再植时或血管化组织移植过程中，在找到将其延长数小时或更长时间的方法之前，它似乎在增强再灌注和氧合方面无效。
