Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Research Center Borstel, 23845 Borstel, Germany.
Purinergic Signal. 2010 Mar;6(1):3-17. doi: 10.1007/s11302-009-9173-z. Epub 2009 Nov 17.
Mast cells are widely recognized as effector cells of allergic inflammatory reactions. They contribute to the pathogenesis of different chronic inflammatory diseases, wound healing, fibrosis, thrombosis/fibrinolysis, and anti-tumor immune responses. In this paper, we summarized the role of P2X and P2Y receptors in mast cell activation and effector functions. Mast cells are an abundant source of ATP which is stored in their granules and secreted upon activation. We discuss the contribution of mast cells to the extracellular ATP release and to the maintenance of extracellular nucleotides pool. Recent publications highlight the importance of purinergic signaling for the pathogenesis of chronic airway inflammation. Therefore, the role of ATP and P2 receptors in allergic inflammation with focus on mast cells was analyzed. Finally, ATP functions as mast cell autocrine/paracrine factor and as messenger in intercellular communication between mast cells, nerves, and glia in the central nervous system.
肥大细胞被广泛认为是过敏炎症反应的效应细胞。它们有助于不同慢性炎症性疾病、创伤愈合、纤维化、血栓形成/纤维蛋白溶解和抗肿瘤免疫反应的发病机制。在本文中，我们总结了 P2X 和 P2Y 受体在肥大细胞激活和效应功能中的作用。肥大细胞是 ATP 的丰富来源，ATP 储存在其颗粒中，并在激活时释放。我们讨论了肥大细胞对细胞外 ATP 释放和维持细胞外核苷酸池的贡献。最近的出版物强调了嘌呤能信号在慢性气道炎症发病机制中的重要性。因此，分析了 ATP 和 P2 受体在过敏炎症中的作用，重点是肥大细胞。最后，ATP 作为肥大细胞自分泌/旁分泌因子和细胞间通讯中的信使，在肥大细胞、神经和中枢神经系统中的神经胶质之间发挥作用。
