Liu Jing, Chen Chao, Zhang Xiao-Jian
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2009 Sep 15;30(9):2538-42.
Halogen disinfection by-products of four chlorined disinfection processes with long contact time in distribution system was compared in the work. These four disinfection processes are free chlorine, monochloramines, free chlorine disinfection in clearwelles while chloramines in distribution system, sequential chlorination disinfection with short-term free chlorine plus chloramines. According to the research, free chlorine generates most trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) both in clearwells and distribution system, while monochloramines barely yield halogen DBPs. Free chlorine disinfection in clearwelles while chloramines in distribution system could reduce 9.6% of THMs and 42% of HAAs in 24 h contact time of distribution system compared with free chlorine. But free chlorine has contacted with water for 2 h in this process, halogen DBPs have been yielded substantially. Process of sequential chlorination disinfection could control DBPs more effectively due to keeping a short contact time of free chlorine and water. 48% of THMs and 72% of HAAs are reduced in 24h compared with free chlorine. In conclusion, sequential chlorination disinfection is a more effective disinfection process for controlling DBPs and water safety.
本研究比较了在配水系统中接触时间较长的四种氯消毒工艺产生的卤代消毒副产物。这四种消毒工艺分别是自由氯、一氯胺、在清水池中采用自由氯消毒而在配水系统中采用氯胺消毒、短期自由氯加氯胺的顺序氯化消毒。研究表明，无论是在清水池还是在配水系统中，自由氯产生的三卤甲烷（THMs）和卤乙酸（HAAs）最多，而一氯胺几乎不产生卤代消毒副产物。与自由氯消毒相比，在清水池中采用自由氯消毒而在配水系统中采用氯胺消毒，在配水系统24小时接触时间内可减少9.6%的THMs和42%的HAAs。但在此过程中自由氯与水接触了2小时，已大量产生卤代消毒副产物。顺序氯化消毒工艺由于保持自由氯与水的接触时间较短，能更有效地控制消毒副产物。与自由氯消毒相比，在24小时内可减少48%的THMs和72%的HAAs。总之，顺序氯化消毒是一种更有效的控制消毒副产物和保障水安全的消毒工艺。
