Université de Lausanne, Institut de Police Scientifique, Batochime, 1015 Lausanne-Dorigny, Switzerland.
Forensic Sci Int. 2010 Feb 25;195(1-3):10-6. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.10.027. Epub 2009 Nov 22.
Forensic science is generally defined as the application of science to address questions related to the law. Too often, this view restricts the contribution of science to one single process which eventually aims at bringing individuals to court while minimising risk of miscarriage of justice. In order to go beyond this paradigm, we propose to refocus the attention towards traces themselves, as remnants of a criminal activity, and their information content. We postulate that traces contribute effectively to a wide variety of other informational processes that support decision making in many situations. In particular, they inform actors of new policing strategies who place the treatment of information and intelligence at the centre of their systems. This contribution of forensic science to these security oriented models is still not well identified and captured. In order to create the best condition for the development of forensic intelligence, we suggest a framework that connects forensic science to intelligence-led policing (part I). Crime scene attendance and processing can be envisaged within this view. This approach gives indications about how to structure knowledge used by crime scene examiners in their effective practice (part II).
法医学通常被定义为将科学应用于解决与法律有关的问题。这种观点往往将科学的贡献局限于一个单一的过程，即最终将个人带到法庭，同时将司法误判的风险降到最低。为了超越这一范式，我们建议将注意力重新集中在痕迹本身，即犯罪活动的残余物及其信息内容上。我们假设痕迹有效地为许多其他信息处理过程做出贡献，这些过程支持在许多情况下做出决策。特别是，它们为采取信息和情报处理为中心的新警务策略的行动者提供信息。法医学对这些以安全为导向的模型的贡献尚未得到充分的确认和捕捉。为了为法医情报的发展创造最佳条件，我们建议建立一个将法医学与情报主导的警务联系起来的框架（第一部分）。在这种观点下，可以设想犯罪现场的出勤和处理。这种方法提供了关于如何构建犯罪现场检查人员在实际工作中使用的知识结构的指示（第二部分）。
