Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Channels (Austin). 2010 Jan-Feb;4(1):22-41. doi: 10.4161/chan.4.1.10481. Epub 2010 Jan 2.
pH-regulated Slo3 channels, perhaps exclusively expressed in mammalian sperm, may play a role in alkalization-mediated K(+) fluxes associated with sperm capacitation. The Slo3 channel shares extensive homology with Ca(2+)- and voltage-regulated BK-type Slo1 K(+) channels. Here, using heterologous expression in oocytes, we define distinctive differences in pharmacological properties of Slo3 and Slo1 currents, examine blockade in terms of distinct blocking models, and, for some blockers, use mutated constructs to evaluate determinants of block. Slo3 is resistant to block by the standard Slo1 blockers, iberiotoxin, charybdotoxin and extracellular TEA. Slo3 is relatively insensitive to extracellular 4-AP up to 100 mM, while Slo1 is blocked in a voltage-dependent fashion consistent with block on the extracellular side of the channel. Block of both Slo1 and Slo3 by cytosolic 4-AP can be described by open channel block, with Slo3 being approximately 10-15-fold more sensitive, but exhibiting weaker voltage-dependence of block. The cytosolic concentrations of 4-AP required to block Slo3 make it unlikely that the effects of 4-AP on volume regulation in mammalian sperm is mediated by Slo3. Quinidine was more effective in blocking Slo3 than Slo1. For Slo1, quinidine block was favored by depolarization, irrespective of the side of application. For Slo3, quinidine block was relieved by depolarization, irrespective of the side of application, with strong block by less than 10 microM quinidine at potentials near 0 mV. The unusual voltage-dependence of block of Slo3 by quinidine may result from preferential binding of quinidine to closed Slo3 channels. The quinidine concentrations effective in blocking Slo3 suggest, that in experiments that have examined quinidine effects on sperm, any Slo3 currents would be almost completely inhibited.
也许仅在哺乳动物精子中表达的 pH 调节 Slo3 通道可能在与精子获能相关的碱化介导的 K(+)通量中发挥作用。Slo3 通道与钙和电压调节的 BK 型 Slo1 K(+)通道具有广泛的同源性。在这里,我们使用卵母细胞中的异源表达来定义 Slo3 和 Slo1 电流在药理学特性上的显著差异,根据不同的阻断模型检查阻断作用,并针对某些阻断剂使用突变构建体来评估阻断的决定因素。Slo3 对标准 Slo1 阻断剂,如 Iberiotoxin、Charybdotoxin 和细胞外 TEA 具有抗性。Slo3 对细胞外 4-AP 的敏感性相对较低,最高可达 100 mM,而 Slo1 则以与通道细胞外侧阻断一致的电压依赖性方式被阻断。细胞外 4-AP 对 Slo1 和 Slo3 的阻断作用可以用开放通道阻断来描述,其中 Slo3 的敏感性约为 10-15 倍,但阻断的电压依赖性较弱。阻断 Slo3 所需的细胞内 4-AP 浓度使得 4-AP 对哺乳动物精子体积调节的影响不太可能是通过 Slo3 介导的。奎尼丁对 Slo3 的阻断作用比对 Slo1 更有效。对于 Slo1,奎尼丁阻断作用有利于去极化,无论应用的哪一侧。对于 Slo3,奎尼丁阻断作用在去极化时得到缓解,无论应用的哪一侧,在接近 0 mV 的电位下,小于 10 μM 的奎尼丁可产生强烈的阻断作用。奎尼丁对 Slo3 阻断作用的异常电压依赖性可能是由于奎尼丁优先与闭合的 Slo3 通道结合。有效阻断 Slo3 的奎尼丁浓度表明,在研究奎尼丁对精子影响的实验中,任何 Slo3 电流都会几乎完全被抑制。