Department of Physiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2009 Oct;34(5):829-39. doi: 10.1139/H09-076.
The cutaneous circulation is influenced by a variety of thermoregulatory (skin and internal temperature-driven) and nonthermoregulatory (e.g., baroreflex, exercise-associated reflexes) challenges. The responses to these stimuli are brought about through vasoconstrictor nerves, vasodilator nerves, and changes in the local temperature of the vessels themselves. In this review, we examine how thermoregulatory influences mediate changes in skin blood flow through the sympathetic nervous system. We discuss cutaneous vascular responses to both local and whole-body heating and cooling and the mechanisms underlying these responses, with the overarching conclusion that sympathetic function plays significant roles in reflex vasoconstriction and vasodilatation and in the responses to both local cooling and local heating of the skin.
皮肤循环受到多种温度调节（皮肤和内部温度驱动）和非温度调节（例如，压力反射、运动相关反射）挑战的影响。这些刺激的反应是通过血管收缩神经、血管舒张神经和血管本身局部温度的变化来实现的。在这篇综述中，我们研究了温度调节如何通过交感神经系统介导皮肤血流量的变化。我们讨论了皮肤对局部和全身加热和冷却的血管反应及其机制，总的结论是，交感功能在反射性血管收缩和舒张以及皮肤局部冷却和局部加热的反应中起着重要作用。
