Departamento de Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
Behav Brain Res. 2010 Mar 17;208(1):231-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2009.11.043. Epub 2009 Dec 3.
The present study investigated the consequences of environmental enrichment on the impact of novelty and motivational properties of ethanol in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), a validated model of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This rat strain displays increased sensitivity to distinct classes of abused drugs, which makes it an interesting model for the study of the association between ADHD and drug abuse. Female SHR reared from weaning to adulthood in standard (SE) or enriched (EE) environment were tested on novelty-induced locomotion, saccharin consumption, ethanol consumption (forced and free-choice schedules) and ethanol-induced conditioned place preference (CPP). SHR reared in an EE showed reduced novelty-induced locomotion, consumed less saccharin and ethanol in a forced schedule and showed less ethanol preference in a free-choice schedule compared to SE rats. Moreover, EE rats did not develop CPP, whereas SE rats developed preference for ethanol (1.2g/kg). These results show that exposure to stimuli mimicking positive life experiences (environmental enrichment) induces persistent changes in the reward/motivational system of female SHR, suggesting an important role of the familiar environment during early stages of the neurodevelopment on the co-morbidity of ADHD and drug abuse.
本研究调查了环境丰富对自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）中新奇感和乙醇动机特性影响的后果，SHR 是一种注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的验证模型。这种大鼠品系对不同类别的滥用药物具有更高的敏感性，使其成为研究 ADHD 与药物滥用之间关联的有趣模型。从断奶到成年期在标准（SE）或丰富（EE）环境中饲养的雌性 SHR 进行了新奇诱导的运动、蔗糖消耗、乙醇消耗（强制和自由选择方案）和乙醇诱导的条件性位置偏好（CPP）测试。与 SE 大鼠相比，在 EE 中饲养的 SHR 表现出较少的新奇诱导的运动、在强制方案中消耗较少的蔗糖和乙醇，并且在自由选择方案中表现出较少的乙醇偏好。此外，EE 大鼠没有形成 CPP，而 SE 大鼠对乙醇（1.2g/kg）形成偏好。这些结果表明，暴露于模拟积极生活体验的刺激（环境丰富）会导致雌性 SHR 奖励/动机系统发生持久变化，这表明在神经发育的早期阶段，熟悉的环境对 ADHD 和药物滥用的共病具有重要作用。
