Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, NINDS Porter Neuroscience Research Center, Building 35, Room 3B-203, 35 Convent Drive, MSC 3701, Bethesda, MD 20892-3701, United States.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2010 Feb;22(1):96-103. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2009.11.001. Epub 2009 Dec 5.
In 1993, an enzyme with an ATP-dependent microtubule-severing activity was purified from sea urchin eggs and named katanin, after the Japanese word for sword. Now we know that katanin, spastin, and fidgetin form a family of closely related microtubule-severing enzymes that is widely distributed in eukaryotes ranging from Tetrahymena and Chlamydomonas to humans. Here we review the diverse in vivo functions of these proteins and the recent significant advances in deciphering the biophysical mechanism of microtubule severing.
1993 年,一种具有 ATP 依赖性微管切割活性的酶从海胆卵中被纯化出来,并被命名为katanin,这个名字来源于日语中的“剑”。现在我们知道,katanin、spastin 和 fidgetin 构成了一个密切相关的微管切割酶家族,广泛分布于从四膜虫和衣藻到人类的真核生物中。在这里,我们回顾了这些蛋白质的多种体内功能,以及最近在破译微管切割的生物物理机制方面的重大进展。