Vico L, Novikov V E, Very J M, Alexandre C
Laboratorie de Biologie du Tissu Osseux, Faculté de Médecine, Saint Etienne, France.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1991 Jan;62(1):26-31.
Using histomorphometric analysis, we compared the effects of 7 d spaceflight (Biocosmos 1667) and 7 d tail-suspension in tibiae of 12-13 weeks old male Wistar rats. The skeletal alterations induced by both true and simulated weightlessness in the proximal tibial metaphysis consisted of an inhibition of longitudinal growth as indicated by the reduction of the primary spongiosa thickness. In both primary and secondary spongiosae, the loss of trabecular bone was more extensive in flight rats than in suspended rats. Impairment in cancellous and endocortical osteoid surfaces occurred in microgravity and 1-G conditions but with greater magnitude in the spongy space in flight rats. In suspended rats, the cancellous mineralization rate was decreased, suggesting an alteration of the formation activity. Bone resorption remained unchanged in flight rats whereas a twofold increase occurred in simulated conditions. These data support the hypothesis that mechanisms of bone loss in space are not entirely identical to those of tail-suspension model on Earth. New experiments allowing comparison between actual spaceflight and spaceflight simulations must be developed in order to explore common alterations and to understand differential mechanisms in the bone system.
通过组织形态计量学分析，我们比较了12 - 13周龄雄性Wistar大鼠在经历7天太空飞行（生物宇宙1667号）和7天尾部悬吊后胫骨的变化。真实失重和模拟失重诱导的近端胫骨干骺端骨骼改变包括纵向生长抑制，表现为初级松质骨厚度减小。在初级和次级松质骨中，飞行大鼠的小梁骨丢失比悬吊大鼠更广泛。在微重力和1G条件下，松质骨和骨内膜类骨质表面均出现损伤，但飞行大鼠海绵状空间中的损伤程度更大。在悬吊大鼠中，松质骨矿化率降低，提示形成活性改变。飞行大鼠的骨吸收保持不变，而在模拟条件下增加了两倍。这些数据支持以下假设：太空骨质流失机制与地球上的尾部悬吊模型并不完全相同。必须开展新的实验，以便比较实际太空飞行和太空飞行模拟，从而探索骨骼系统的共同改变并理解差异机制。
