Olartecoechea B, García Manero M, Royo P, Aubà M
Departamento de Ginecología y Obstetricia, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Navarra.
Rev Med Univ Navarra. 2009 Jul-Sep;53(3):12-4.
Endometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, which induced a chronic inflammatory reaction. Endometriosis is associated with severe dysmenorrhea, deep dyspareunia, chronic pelvic pain, ovulation pain, cyclical, or perimenstrual symptoms, with or without abnormal bleeding, infertility, and chronic fatigue. Therapies can be useful to relieve and sometimes solve the symptoms, encourage fertility, eliminate endometrial lesions, and restore the anatomy of the pelvis. For medical therapy, several different preparations (oral contraceptives, progestogenics, gestrinone, danazol, and GnRHa) and new options (GnRH antagonists, aromatase inhibitors, estrogen receptor beta agoinist, progesterone receptor modulators, angiogenesis inhibitors, and COX-2 selective inhibitors) are available.
子宫内膜异位症的定义为子宫外存在类似子宫内膜的组织,其会引发慢性炎症反应。子宫内膜异位症与严重痛经、深部性交痛、慢性盆腔疼痛、排卵痛、周期性或经前期症状相关,伴有或不伴有异常出血、不孕及慢性疲劳。治疗方法有助于缓解并有时解决这些症状,促进生育,消除子宫内膜病变,恢复盆腔解剖结构。对于药物治疗,有几种不同的制剂(口服避孕药、孕激素、孕三烯酮、达那唑和促性腺激素释放激素激动剂)以及新的选择(促性腺激素释放激素拮抗剂、芳香化酶抑制剂、雌激素受体β激动剂、孕激素受体调节剂、血管生成抑制剂和环氧化酶-2选择性抑制剂)可供使用。