Brand Teus, van Haperen Veronique W T Ruiz, van Vliet-Lachotzki Elsbeth H, Steegers Eric A P
Academisch Medisch Centrum/Universiteit van Amsterdam, Coronel Instituut voor Arbeid en Gezondheid, Nederlands Centrum voor Beroepsziekten, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2009;153:A363.
Working conditions are amongst the exogenous factors that can lead to pregnancy complications. Attention within preconceptual care to the working conditions experienced by women who plan to become pregnant can change this, by influencing exposure to harmful working conditions. Until now, relatively little attention has been given to working conditions within preconceptual care, and the subject is often not discussed in daily midwifery practice. The most relevant literature on this topic is summarized in this article. Occupational exposure to certain chemicals, stressful work and nightshifts during early pregnancy increase the risk of spontaneous abortion. There is also an increased risk of congenital malformations if the mother has been exposed to solvents or pesticides during early pregnancy, or the father has been exposed to these substances before or shortly after conception. We conclude that the occupational physician should be involved in the preconceptual consultation in order to contribute to the prevention of pregnancy complications.
工作条件是可能导致妊娠并发症的外部因素之一。孕前保健关注计划怀孕女性所经历的工作条件，通过影响对有害工作条件的接触，能够改变这种情况。到目前为止，孕前保健中对工作条件的关注相对较少，并且在日常助产实践中这个话题常常不被讨论。本文总结了关于这一主题的最相关文献。孕期早期职业接触某些化学物质、工作压力大和上夜班会增加自然流产的风险。如果母亲在孕期早期接触过溶剂或杀虫剂，或者父亲在受孕前或受孕后不久接触过这些物质，胎儿出现先天性畸形的风险也会增加。我们得出结论，职业医生应参与孕前咨询，以有助于预防妊娠并发症。
