National Institute of Standards and Technology, Analytical Chemistry Division, Hollings Marine Laboratory, Charleston, SC 29412, USA.
Chemosphere. 2010 Feb;78(6):731-41. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.10.059. Epub 2009 Dec 9.
The threat that exposure to organohalogen (OH) contaminants poses to endangered populations of Kemp's ridley (Lepidochelys kempii) and green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas) is not well understood, partly because few OH data are available. Blood samples from live juvenile and sub-adult L. kempii (n = 46) and C. mydas (n = 9) from the Gulf of Mexico and from L. kempii from the southeastern US coast (n = 3) were extracted using microwave-assisted extraction, and analyzed by large volume injection gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for 85 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 25 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and 27 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Plasma chemistries, hematology and immune responses were also assessed. Concentrations of SigmaPCBs (geometric mean, range: 3190 pg g(-1), 227-21590 pg g(-1) blood), SigmaDDTs (geometric mean, range: 541 pg g(-1), 161-4310 pg g(-1) blood) and OCPs in L. kempii from the Gulf were comparable to those reported in L. kempii from the Atlantic. SigmaPBDEs were detected in all samples (geometric mean, range: 146 pg g(-1), 19.5-1450 pg g(-1) blood), with PBDE 47, 99, 100, 153 and 154 being the predominant congeners. SigmaPCBs, SigmaDDTs and Sigmachlordanes were one order of magnitude lower in green turtles, and SigmaPBDE concentrations were lower by half due to trophic level differences. L. kempii from the southeast USA had higher percentages of highly chlorinated PCBs indicating exposure to Aroclor 1268. Blood urea nitrogen was positively correlated to Sigmachlordanes, and SigmaPCBs were inversely correlated to creatine phosphokinase in L. kempii. These data help establish baseline contaminant concentrations in live L. kempii and C. mydas.
暴露于有机卤（OH）污染物对濒危的坎皮海龟（Lepidochelys kempii）和绿海龟（Chelonia mydas）种群构成的威胁尚未得到充分认识，部分原因是OH 数据有限。从墨西哥湾的幼年和亚成年 L. kempii（n = 46）和 C. mydas（n = 9）以及美国东南部沿海的 L. kempii（n = 3）活体幼体中提取血液样本，使用微波辅助萃取，并用大体积进样气相色谱-质谱法分析 85 种多氯联苯（PCBs）、25 种有机氯农药（OCPs）和 27 种多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）。还评估了血浆化学、血液学和免疫反应。L. kempii 中的 SigmaPCBs（几何平均值，范围：3190 pg g(-1)，227-21590 pg g(-1) 血液）、SigmaDDTs（几何平均值，范围：541 pg g(-1)，161-4310 pg g(-1) 血液）和 OCPs 与大西洋 L. kempii 中的报道相当。所有样品中均检测到 SigmaPBDEs（几何平均值，范围：146 pg g(-1)，19.5-1450 pg g(-1) 血液），其中 PBDE 47、99、100、153 和 154 为主要同系物。绿海龟中的 SigmaPCBs、SigmaDDTs 和 Sigma 氯丹低一个数量级，由于营养水平差异，SigmaPBDE 浓度低一半。美国东南部的 L. kempii 具有更高比例的高度氯化 PCB，表明其接触到 Aroclor 1268。L. kempii 中的血尿素氮与 Sigma 氯丹呈正相关，SigmaPCBs 与肌酸磷酸激酶呈负相关。这些数据有助于确定活体 L. kempii 和 C. mydas 的基线污染物浓度。
