Food Futures National Research Flagship, CSIRO Plant Industry, PO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
Metab Eng. 2010 May;12(3):233-40. doi: 10.1016/j.ymben.2009.12.001. Epub 2009 Dec 21.
Long-chain (> or = C20) polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) EPA and DHA (20:5(Delta5,8,11,14,17) and 22:6(Delta4,7,10,13,16,19)) have well-documented health benefits against coronary heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis and other disorders. Currently, the predominant sources of these fatty acids are marine fish and algal oils, but research is being conducted to ensure that a sustainable, land-based production system can be developed. We here describe the metabolic engineering of an artificial pathway that produces 26% EPA in leaf triacylglycerol using a newly-identified Delta6-desaturase from the marine microalga Micromonas pusilla. We also demonstrate that this enzyme appears to function as an acyl-CoA desaturase that has preference for omega3 substrates both in planta and in yeast. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that this desaturase shares highly conserved motifs with previously described acyl-CoA Delta6-desaturases.
长链（≥C20）多不饱和脂肪酸（LC-PUFA）EPA 和 DHA（20:5（Δ5、8、11、14、17）和 22:6（Δ4、7、10、13、16、19））已被充分证明对冠心病、类风湿性关节炎和其他疾病有健康益处。目前，这些脂肪酸的主要来源是海洋鱼类和藻类油，但正在进行研究以确保可以开发出可持续的陆地生产系统。我们在这里描述了一种使用新鉴定的来自海洋微藻 Micromonas pusilla 的Δ6-去饱和酶在叶三酰基甘油中产生 26% EPA 的人工途径的代谢工程。我们还表明，这种酶似乎在植物和酵母中作为酰基辅酶 A 去饱和酶起作用，优先选择 ω3 底物。系统发育分析表明，这种去饱和酶与先前描述的酰基辅酶 A Δ6-去饱和酶具有高度保守的基序。
