Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute, University of Tasmania, Marine Research Laboratories, Nubeena Crescent, Taroona, Tasmania 7053, Australia.
J Environ Manage. 2010 Mar-Apr;91(4):932-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.11.011. Epub 2009 Dec 21.
Fishing gears have multiple impacts on the marine environment, and policies to reduce these impacts through modifying fishing gears are becoming common place. Different modifications result in different changes in the set of environmental impacts, and imply different sets of costs and benefits for different stakeholder groups. In this study, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to quantify the relative importance of the environmental impacts of fishing to different stakeholder groups. Forty eight individuals representing six different stakeholder groups (ecologists, biologists, economists, gear technologists, fishers and fisheries managers) were surveyed. As expected, fishers and gear technologists placed substantially greater importance on reducing discarding of commercial fish species than on habitat damage. Priorities of other stakeholder groups varied, but all placed greater priority on habitats than the commercial sector. The results suggest that management aimed at reducing environmental impacts of fishing broader than just discarding is appropriate, but such moves are likely to be opposed by the fishing industry. The derived weights also have a direct application to fisheries management, as they allow otherwise non-commensurate impacts to be aggregated into an overall impact to compare environmental benefits from alternative modifications of fishing gear.
渔具对海洋环境有多种影响，通过修改渔具来减少这些影响的政策越来越普遍。不同的修改会导致环境影响的集合发生不同的变化，并为不同的利益相关者群体带来不同的成本和收益。在这项研究中，层次分析法（AHP）用于量化渔具对不同利益相关者群体的环境影响的相对重要性。调查了 48 名代表六个不同利益相关者群体（生态学家、生物学家、经济学家、渔具技术专家、渔民和渔业管理者）的个人。正如预期的那样，渔民和渔具技术专家将减少商业鱼类的丢弃视为比栖息地破坏更重要。其他利益相关者群体的优先事项各不相同，但都将栖息地置于商业部门之上。研究结果表明，旨在减少渔具对环境的影响的管理措施不仅限于减少丢弃，这是适当的，但这些措施可能会遭到渔业部门的反对。得出的权重也可以直接应用于渔业管理，因为它们可以将原本不可比较的影响汇总为一个总体影响，以比较渔具修改的替代方案带来的环境效益。
