Department of Urology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Eur J Cancer. 2010 Feb;46(3):669-77. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2009.11.022.
Population-based screening for prostate cancer (PCa) remains controversial. To help men making informed decisions about prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening a risk indicator (www.uroweb.org) was developed. This risk indicator is embedded in a leaflet that informs men about the pros and cons of PCa screening and enables calculation of the individual risk of having a biopsy detectable PCa.
To assess the effect of providing a leaflet including individualized risk estimation on informed decision making of men, i.e. knowledge about PCa and PSA screening, attitude towards undergoing a PSA test and intention to have a PSA test.
An intervention study among 2000 men, aged 55-65 years, randomly selected from the population registry of the city of Dordrecht, the Netherlands, in 2008. Men were sent a questionnaire on knowledge of PCa, attitude and intention to have a PSA test. Men without a history of (screening for) PCa were sent the leaflet and Questionnaire 2 within 2 weeks after returning Questionnaire 1. Validated health and anxiety measures were used.
One thousand and twenty seven of 2000 men completed Questionnaire 1 (51%), of whom 298 were excluded due to a history of (screening for) PCa. Of the 729 remaining men, 601 completed Questionnaire 2 as well. At the second assessment significantly more men met the requirements of informed decision making (15% versus 33%, p<0.001), more men had relevant knowledge (284/601, 50% versus 420/601, 77%, p<0.001) and the intention to have a PSA test had increased (p<0.001).
Providing information on PCa screening combined with individualized risk estimation enhanced informed decision making and may be used for shared decision making on PSA screening of physicians and patients.
前列腺癌（PCa）的人群筛查仍然存在争议。为了帮助男性做出有关前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）筛查的明智决策，开发了一个风险指标（www.uroweb.org）。该风险指标嵌入在一份传单中，告知男性 PCa 筛查的利弊，并能够计算出进行活检可检测到 PCa 的个体风险。
评估提供包含个体风险估计的传单对男性知情决策的影响，即对 PCa 和 PSA 筛查的了解、对进行 PSA 测试的态度以及进行 PSA 测试的意愿。
这是一项 2008 年在荷兰多德雷赫特市的人口登记处随机选择的 2000 名 55-65 岁男性的干预研究。男性收到了一份关于 PCa 知识、对进行 PSA 测试的态度和意愿的问卷。没有 PCa 病史（筛查）的男性在返回问卷 1 后两周内收到了传单和问卷 2。使用了经过验证的健康和焦虑测量方法。
2000 名男性中有 1027 名完成了问卷 1（51%），其中 298 名由于有（筛查）PCa 病史而被排除在外。在剩下的 729 名男性中，有 601 名完成了问卷 2。在第二次评估中，更多的男性符合知情决策的要求（15%对 33%，p<0.001），更多的男性具有相关知识（284/601，50%对 420/601，77%，p<0.001），并且进行 PSA 测试的意愿增加（p<0.001）。
提供关于 PCa 筛查的信息并结合个体风险估计可增强知情决策，并可用于医生和患者对 PSA 筛查的共同决策。
