植物生育酚的生物合成、调控和功能。

Biosynthesis, regulation and functions of tocochromanols in plants.

机构信息

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 201 Biochemistry Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1319, USA.

出版信息

Plant Physiol Biochem. 2010 May;48(5):301-9. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2009.11.004. Epub 2009 Dec 3.

DOI:10.1016/j.plaphy.2009.11.004

PMID:20036132

Abstract

Tocopherols and tocotrienols have been originally identified as essential nutrients in mammals based on their vitamin E activity. These lipid-soluble compounds are potent antioxidants that protect polyunsaturated fatty acids from lipid peroxidation. The biosynthesis of tocopherols and tocotrienols occurs exclusively in photosynthetic organisms. The biosynthetic precursors and the different pathway intermediates have been identified by biochemical studies and the different vitamin E biosynthetic genes (VTE genes) have been isolated in several plants and cyanobacteria. The characterization of transgenic plants overexpressing one or multiple VTE genes combined with the study of vitamin E deficient mutants allows from now on understanding the regulation and the function of tocopherols and tocotrienols in plants.

摘要

生育酚和三烯生育酚最初被确定为哺乳动物的必需营养素，这是基于它们的维生素 E 活性。这些脂溶性化合物是有效的抗氧化剂，可以防止多不饱和脂肪酸发生脂质过氧化。生育酚和三烯生育酚的生物合成仅在光合生物中发生。通过生化研究已经确定了生物合成前体和不同途径的中间产物，并且已经在几种植物和蓝藻中分离出不同的维生素 E 生物合成基因（VTE 基因）。过表达一个或多个 VTE 基因的转基因植物的特性以及维生素 E 缺乏突变体的研究，使得现在可以理解生育酚和三烯生育酚在植物中的调节和功能。