Department Biology II, Biozentrum, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
Apoptosis. 2010 Mar;15(3):269-78. doi: 10.1007/s10495-009-0442-7.
Hydra is a member of the ancient metazoan phylum Cnidaria and is an especially well investigated model organism for questions of the evolutionary origin of metazoan processes. Apoptosis in Hydra is important for the regulation of cellular homeostasis under different conditions of nutrient supply. The molecular mechanisms leading to apoptosis in Hydra are surprisingly extensive and comparable to those in mammals. Genome wide sequence analysis has revealed the presence of large caspase and Bcl-2 families, the apoptotic protease activating factor (APAF-1), inhibitors of apoptotic proteases (IAPs) and components of a putative death receptor pathway. Regulation of apoptosis in Hydra may involve BH-3 only proteins and survival pathways, possibly including insulin signalling.
水螅是古老后生动物门刺胞动物的一员，是研究后生动物过程进化起源问题的特别好的模式生物。水螅的细胞凋亡对于不同营养供应条件下的细胞内稳态的调节很重要。导致水螅细胞凋亡的分子机制非常广泛，与哺乳动物的机制相当。全基因组序列分析揭示了大量胱天蛋白酶和 Bcl-2 家族、凋亡蛋白酶激活因子 (APAF-1)、凋亡蛋白酶抑制剂 (IAPs) 和假定死亡受体途径的组成成分的存在。水螅细胞凋亡的调节可能涉及仅含 BH3 结构域的蛋白和存活途径，可能包括胰岛素信号通路。
